Repellency of tsetse-refractory waterbuck (Kobus defassa) body odour to Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae): Assessment of relative contribution of different classes and individual constituents
Repellency of tsetse-refractory waterbuck (Kobus defassa) body odour to Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae): Assessment of relative contribution of different classes and individual constituents
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.02.017
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hassanali, Ahmed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bett, Mathew K.;Saini, Rajinder K.;Hassanali, Ahmed
我们早期的研究比较行为反应笼稀树草原采采蝇（Glossina morsitans morsitans和Glossina pallidipes）的首选主机（牛）和非主机（水羚）建议存在的allomonal成分对后者。对水羚与牛和布法罗的气味成分进行了比较，鉴定出一系列水羚特有的化合物，包括直链羧酸（C-5-C-10）、酚类（愈创木酚和香芹酚）、2-烷酮同系物（C-8-C-12）、香叶基丙酮和δ-辛内酯。在实验室风洞中的行为研究表明，G。M. morsitans被一种合成的水溶性成分的混合物所排斥。本文研究了这些化合物的不同混配对不同性别的黄颡鱼渔获量的影响。在现场评估了引诱剂诱饵NG 2G陷阱中的苍白足。发现每种多组分成分（酸、酮和酚）都能减少苍蝇捕获量，但所有这些化合物的14种组分混合物更有效（捕获量减少79-85%），表明这些化合物中的每一种都对水羚气味的驱避性有增量贡献。然而，减法分析显示每类化合物中都存在一些冗余，其中一些甚至表现出有吸引力的特性。将（RS）-δ-辛内酯加入到14-组分中显著增加了所得共混物的驱避性。5-组分混合物的化合物选择的基础上，它们的相对性能在消减试验（E-辛内酯，愈创木酚，香叶基丙酮，己酸和戊酸）显示出显着减少苍蝇捕获（84%）相对于诱饵控制。在单独的实验组中，涉及牛拴在一个不完整的环的电子屏幕中的存在或不存在的15-组分或5-组分的共混物，在减少饲料苍蝇（94和96%，分别）的可比水平，获得了两种共混物。这些结果的化学生态学意义和实际意义突出。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
Our earlier studies on the comparative behavioural responses of caged savanna tsetse (Glossina morsitans morsitans and Glossina pallidipes) on a preferred host (ox) and a non-host (waterbuck) suggested the presence of allomonal constituents on the latter. Follow up comparison of the compositions of odours of waterbuck with those of ox and buffalo led to the identification of a series of compounds (15) specific to waterbuck, including straight chain carboxylic acid (C-5-C-10), phenols (guaiacol and carvacrol), 2-alkanone homologues (C-8-C-12), geranylacetone and delta-octalactone. Behavioural studies in a windtunnel in the laboratory suggested that G. m. morsitans was repelled by a synthetic blend of waterbuck-specific constituents. In the present study, the effects of different blends of these compounds on catches of mixed sexes of G. pallidipes in attractant-baited NG2G traps were evaluated in the field. Each multicomponent class of constituents (acids, ketones and phenols) was found to reduce fly catches, but a 14-component blend of all these compounds was more effective (reduced catches by 79-85%), indicating that each of these classes of compounds contributes incrementally to the repellency of the waterbuck odour. However, subtractive assays showed some redundancy within each class of compounds, with some even demonstrating attractive properties. Addition of (RS)-delta-octalactone to the 14-component significantly increased the repellency of the resulting blend. A 5-component blend of compounds selected on the basis of their relative performance in subtractive assays (E-octalactone, guaiacol, geranylacetone, hexanoic and pentanoic acid) showed substantial reduction in fly catches (84%) relative to the baited control. In separate sets of experiments involving an ox tethered in the middle of an incomplete ring of electric screens in the presence or absence of 15-component or 5-component blends, comparable levels in the reduction of fed flies (94 and 96%, respectively) were obtained with the two blends. The chemo-ecological significance and practical implication of these results are highlighted. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.