Manipulation of water and nutrients - practice and opportunity in southern U.S. pine forests.
Manipulation of water and nutrients - practice and opportunity in southern U.S. pine forests.
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DOI：
10.1016/0378-1127(90)90153-3
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发表时间：
1990-02
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
H. L. Allen;P. Dougherty;R. Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. L. Allen;P. Dougherty;R. Campbell
南方松林的规模和持续时间的响应操作造林治疗，包括整地，排水，垫料，杂草控制，间伐，施肥进行了审查。目前的信息，使造林处方在美国东南部已经开发出很大程度上从经验试验。营林学研究仅提供了一个初步的了解如何通过营林改变水和养分的供应，以及它们如何影响林分生产力。研究表明，许多南方松树林的叶面积低于理论上被认为是最佳的最大生产力。叶面积的发展似乎是有限的营养和水的可用性。很少有数据可用于评估叶面积的发展，光合效率，碳分配和增长归因于造林治疗的资源可用性的变化的作用。提出了一个概念模型，概述了预期的影响造林治疗养分和水的可用性，从而对叶面积的发展，固碳，碳分配和树干生产。将经验信息与对森林生产力的概念性理解结合起来，应有助于制定造林处方，这将有助于改善水和/或养分限制，从而提高生产力。阻碍迅速应用现有技术的主要挑战是：（1）对提高生产力的机会缺乏认识;（2）由于木材的长期供应和价值的不确定性，造林投资的资本不足;（3）基础设施障碍，减缓了接受和实施新的造林技术。未来的研究需要集中在测试和量化所描述的概念关系，以及开发实用的技术，以评估森林中的水和养分的可用性。
The magnitude and duration of response of southern pine forests to operations silvicultural treatments including site preparation, drainage, bedding, weed control, thinning, and fertilization are reviewed. The current information for making silvicultural prescriptions in the southeastern U.S. has been developed largely from empirical trials. Silvicultural research has provided only a rudimentary understanding of how water and nutrient availability is altered through silviculture and how they influence stand productivity. Research indicates that many southern pine stands have leaf areas that are below what is theoretically considered to be optimal for maximum productivity. Leaf-area development appears to be limited by both nutrient and water availability. Few data are available to assess the role of changes in resource availability on leaf-area development, photosynthetic efficiency, carbon allocation, and growth attributable to silvicultural treatments. A conceptual model outlining the expected influence of silvicultural treatments on nutrient and water availability and thus on leaf-area development, carbon fixation, carbon allocation and stemwood production is proposed. Blending empirical information with a conceptual understanding of forest productivity should aid in developing silvicultural prescriptions that will help to ameliorate water and/or nutrient limitations, resulting in increased productivity. Major challenges impeding rapid application of existing technology are (1) lack of awareness of opportunities to increase productivity, (2) inadequate capital for silvicultural investments due to uncertainty of the long-term supply and value of wood, and (3) infrastructure barriers that slow the acceptance and implementation of new silvicultural techniques. Future research needs to focus on testing and quantifying the conceptual relationships described, as well as developing practical techniques to assess water and nutrient availability in forest stands.