Brittle structures focused on subtle crustal heterogeneities: implications for flow in fractured rocks

Brittle structures focused on subtle crustal heterogeneities: implications for flow in fractured rocks
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脆性结构关注微妙的地壳异质性:对裂隙岩石流动的影响

DOI:
10.1144/jgs2013-051
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Soden A
Soden A
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Soden A

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围岩的力学非均质性影响变形结构的空间分布,从而影响对断层结构和流体流动的预测。一个通常被忽视的关键因素是,岩石的力学性质如何随着时间的推移而变化,以及这将如何改变变形过程和最终的结构。我们提供了来自巴西东北部博尔博雷马省一个地区的现场数据,这些数据展示了变形条件的时间变化,以及由此产生的过程,对演化变形结构的空间分布和几何属性产生了初步控制。此外,每个时间变形阶段都赋予了不同的水力结构。最早的流动构造位于细微的韧性非均质性上。断层形成后,断层核心区和破损区均为流动通道。在断层作用的后期,假硅质岩焊接产生了低渗透断层核,并在断层损伤区内对高渗透裂缝进行了退火处理。现代流体沿着后期开放的剪切裂缝带发生,由主岩和退火断层之间的机械强度对比来定义。第二个水力传导带从退火断层损伤区的边缘延伸数百米,形成了一个比使用传统断层比例关系预测的要宽得多的流动区。我们的结果证明了了解连续形变事件对于预测水力活动裂缝的时空演化的重要性。
Host rock mechanical heterogeneities influence the spatial distribution of deformation structures and hence predictions of fault architecture and fluid flow. A critical factor, commonly overlooked, is how rock mechanical properties can vary over time, and how this will alter deformation processes and resultant structures. We present field data from an area in the Borborema Province, NE Brazil, that demonstrate how temporal changes in deformation conditions, and consequently processes, exert a primary control on the spatial distribution and geometric attributes of evolving deformation structures. Furthermore, each temporal deformation phase imparted different hydraulic architecture. The earliest flowing structures are localized upon subtle ductile heterogeneities. Following fault formation, both fault core and damage zone were flow conduits. In later stages of faulting pseudotachylyte welding created a low-permeability fault core and annealed high-permeability fractures within the fault damage zone. Modern flow occurs along a zone of later open shear fractures, defined by the mechanical strength contrast between the host rock and annealed fault. This second hydraulically conductive zone extends hundreds of metres from the edge of the annealed fault damage zone, creating a flow zone far wider than would be predicted using traditional fault scaling relationships. Our results demonstrate the importance of understanding successive deformation events for predicting the temporal and spatial evolution of hydraulically active fractures.
巴西东北部 Neocomian 伊瓜图盆地地壳非均质性控制断层生长的地球物理证据
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