The Xist RNA gene evolved in eutherians by pseudogenization of a protein-coding gene
The Xist RNA gene evolved in eutherians by pseudogenization of a protein-coding gene
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1126316
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发表时间：
2006-06-16
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Avner, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duret, L;Chureau, C;Avner, P
Xist非编码RNA是真兽亚纲哺乳动物X染色体失活过程的关键起始因子，但其确切功能和起源仍不清楚。尽管Xist在真兽亚纲动物中高度保守，但到目前为止，在其他哺乳动物中尚未发现其同源物。我们在此表明，Xist至少部分是从一个蛋白质编码基因进化而来的，并且原Xist蛋白质编码功能的丧失与四个侧翼蛋白质基因变成假基因是同时发生的。这一事件发生在真兽亚纲和有袋类动物分化之后，这表明剂量补偿机制在这两个谱系中是独立进化的。
The Xist noncoding RNA is the key initiator of the process of X chromosome inactivation in eutherian mammals, but its precise function and origin remain unknown. Although Xist is well conserved among eutherians, until now, no homolog has been identified in other mammals. We show here that Xist evolved, at least partly, from a protein-coding gene and that the loss of protein-coding function of the proto-Xist coincides with the four flanking protein genes becoming pseudogenes. This event occurred after the divergence between eutherians and marsupials, which suggests that mechanisms of dosage compensation have evolved independently in both lineages.