Iodine supplementation for pregnancy and lactation - United States and Canada: Recommendations of the American Thyroid Association
Iodine supplementation for pregnancy and lactation - United States and Canada: Recommendations of the American Thyroid Association
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DOI：
10.1089/thy.2006.16.949
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Rovet, Joanne F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becker, David V.;Braverman, Lewis E.;Rovet, Joanne F.
胎儿在怀孕早期完全依赖母亲的甲状腺激素来实现正常的大脑发育。孕妇在怀孕期间摄入足够的碘对孕妇的甲状腺激素的产生以及后来胎儿的甲状腺功能是至关重要的。如果碘缺乏导致妊娠期间甲状腺激素分泌不足和甲状腺功能减退，则可能导致不可逆转的胎儿脑损伤。在美国，2001年至2002年尿碘中位数为168微克/L，完全在世界卫生组织(WHO)建立的正常范围内，但孕妇的尿碘中位数(173微克/L；95%可信区间75~229mU g/L在世界卫生组织推荐的范围内(150~249mg/L)，下限95%可信区间小于150mUg/L。因此，在有更多的生理数据作出更好的判断之前，美国甲状腺协会建议妇女在孕期和哺乳期每天摄入150mg碘补充剂，所有产前维生素/矿物质制剂均含有150mg碘。
The fetus is totally dependent in early pregnancy on maternal thyroxine for normal brain development. Adequate maternal dietary intake of iodine during pregnancy is essential for maternal thyroxine production and later for thyroid function in the fetus. If iodine insufficiency leads to inadequate production of thyroid hormones and hypothyroidism during pregnancy, then irreversible fetal brain damage can result. In the United States, the median urinary iodine (UI) was 168 mu g/L in 2001-2002, well within the range of normal established by the World Health Organization (WHO), but whereas the UI of pregnant women (173 mu g/L; 95% CI 75-229 mu g/L) was within the range recommended by WHO (150-249 mu g/L), the lower 95% CI was less than 150 mu g/L. Therefore, until additional physiologic data are available to make a better judgment, the American Thyroid Association recommends that women receive 150 mu g iodine supplements daily during pregnancy and lactation and that all prenatal vitamin/mineral preparations contain 150 mu g of iodine.