Geological Characteristics of Von Karman Crater, Northwestern South pole-Aitken Basin: Chang'E-4 Landing Site Region
Geological Characteristics of Von Karman Crater, Northwestern South pole-Aitken Basin: Chang'E-4 Landing Site Region
复制标题
南极西北-艾特肯盆地冯卡门陨石坑地质特征：嫦娥四号着陆点区域
DOI：
10.1029/2018je005577
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Xiao, Long
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Jun;Xiao, Zhiyong;Xiao, Long
Von Karman陨石坑（直径约186公里）位于南极-艾特肯盆地西北部，形成于前necian时期。冯·卡门火山口底部随后在因布赖纪时期被一代或几代海玄武岩所淹没。随后，周围地区的许多撞击坑将喷出物输送到地面，共同形成了SPA盆地和背面地质历史的丰富样本。我们详细研究了2018年中国月球任务嫦娥四号在冯卡曼陨石坑内的目标着陆区域（45.0-46.0南纬，176.4-178.8东经）。着陆区的地形在60米左右的基线上一般是平坦的。次级陨石坑和喷出物覆盖了大部分母星单元，根据优先的空间取向和横切关系，至少可以追溯到四个源陨石坑（Finsen, Von Karman L‘, Von Karman L’和Antoniadi）。在空间上发现了与埃杰陨石坑（直径约4 km）有关的广泛的蜿蜒山脊和槽。在mare单元上不同大小的陨石坑的喷出物中，由于成分和物理性质的差异，观察到反射光谱的变化。结合陨石坑尺度关系和风化层厚度估算，利用成分变化趋势重建地下地层。研究结果揭示了着陆区复杂的地质历史，为嫦娥四号任务的原位测量奠定了框架，将为月球背面海玄武岩组成、SPA组成带（包括SPA组成异常和镁辉石环）、风化层演化和月球空间环境提供独特的见解。月球背面的南极-艾特肯盆地（SPA）是太阳系中已知最大的撞击结构。它是回答几个关于月球的重要问题的关键区域，包括它的内部结构和热演化。我们概述了SPA内一个重要区域（Von Karman火山口）的地质历史。2018年，中国新的月球任务嫦娥四号（CE-4）将首次降落在SPA盆地内的冯·卡门陨石坑。CE-4搭载在着陆器和月球车上的科学仪器将分析月球背面地区的地表和地下。本文基于月球遥感数据，对嫦娥四号选定着陆区域进行了详细的地质研究。我们的研究确定了几个高度科学兴趣的目标，并为CE-4任务提出了可测试的假设。
Von Karman crater (diameter = similar to 186 km), lying in the northwestern South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin, was formed in the pre-Nectarian. The Von Karman crater floor was subsequently flooded with one or several generations of mare basalts during the Imbrian period. Numerous subsequent impact craters in the surrounding region delivered ejecta to the floor, together forming a rich sample of the SPA basin and farside geologic history. We studied in details the targeted landing region (45.0-46.0 degrees S, 176.4-178.8 degrees E) of the 2018 Chinese lunar mission Chang'E-4, within the Von Kaman crater. The topography of the landing region is generally flat at a baseline of similar to 60 m. Secondary craters and ejecta materials have covered most of the mare unit and can be traced back to at least four source craters (Finsen, Von Karman L, Von Karman L', and Antoniadi) based on preferential spatial orientations and crosscutting relationships. Extensive sinuous ridges and troughs are identified spatially related to ea Jie crater (diameter = similar to 4 km). Reflectance spectral variations due to difference in both composition and physical properties are observed among the ejecta from various-sized craters on the mare unit. The composition trends were used together with crater scaling relationships and estimates of regolith thickness to reconstruct the subsurface stratigraphy. The results reveal a complex geological history of the landing region and set the framework for the in situ measurements of the CE-4 mission, which will provide unique insights into the compositions of farside mare basalt, SPA compositional zone including SPA compositional anomaly and Mg-pyroxene annulus, regolith evolution, and the lunar space environment.Plain Language Summary The South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin on the farside of the Moon is the largest known impact structure in the solar system. It is the key area to answer several important questions about the Moon, including its internal structure and thermal evolution. We outline the geologic history of an important area (Von Karman crater) within SPA. In 2018,a new Chinese lunar mission Chang'E-4 (CE-4) will be the first to land in the Von Karman crater, within the SPA basin. The scientific instruments of CE-4, mounted on a lander and a rover, will analyze both surface and subsurface of this farside region. Here we present a detailed geological study of the selected landing region of CE-4, based on remote sensing data of the Moon. Our study identified several targets of high scientific interests and proposes testable hypotheses for the CE-4 mission.