Growth of primordial oocytes in neonatal and adult mammals.
Growth of primordial oocytes in neonatal and adult mammals.
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DOI：
10.1262/jrd.10-071h
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发表时间：
2010-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Moniruzzaman;T. Miyano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Moniruzzaman;T. Miyano
哺乳动物卵巢在原始卵泡中具有大量的小卵母细胞（原始卵母细胞）。少数原始卵母细胞开始生长，而其他卵母细胞则保持静止状态。关于调节原始卵母细胞活化的机制知之甚少。最近，我们发现成熟奶牛和青春期前猪的原始卵泡在异种移植物中开始生长所需的时间比新生动物要长。我们认为成年哺乳动物的原始卵母细胞与新生哺乳动物的不同。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在不同物种的新生儿和成年卵巢中原始卵母细胞的激活的结果，并提出了一个模型，在这个模型中，新生哺乳动物的卵巢中含有静止和激活的原始卵母细胞混合种群，而成年雌性几乎所有的原始卵母细胞都是静止的。哺乳动物原始卵母细胞的休眠可能是为了保留不生长的卵母细胞池，以维持较长的生殖寿命。FOXO3被认为是导致成年卵巢原始卵母细胞休眠的分子之一。这些静止的原始卵母细胞被激活，可能是通过刺激因子和抑制因子之间相互作用的某些机制，进入生长期。
Mammalian ovaries are endowed with a huge number of small oocytes (primordial oocytes) in primordial follicles. A small number of primordial oocytes start to grow, while others remain quiescent. Little is known about the mechanism regulating the activation of primordial oocytes. Recently, we found that primordial follicles in mature cows and prepubertal pigs took longer to initiate growth in xenografts compared with those in neonatal animals. We think that primordial oocytes in adult mammals are different from those in neonatal mammals. In this review, we summarize the results regarding the activation of primordial oocytes in neonatal and adult ovaries of different species and propose a model in which ovaries of neonatal mammals contain a mixed population of both quiescent and activated primordial oocytes, while almost all primordial oocytes are quiescent in adult females. The dormancy of primordial oocytes may be required to reserve the non-growing oocyte pool for the long reproductive life in mammals. FOXO3 is considered one of the molecules responsible for the dormancy of primordial oocytes in adult ovaries. These quiescent primordial oocytes are activated, perhaps by certain mechanisms involving the interaction between stimulatory and inhibitory factors, to enter the growth phase.