Neurophysiological, neuroimmunological, and neuroendocrine basis of pruritus
Neurophysiological, neuroimmunological, and neuroendocrine basis of pruritus
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jid.5700231
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Biro, Tamas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinhoff, Martin;Bienenstock, John;Biro, Tamas
瘙痒症（痒）可定义为与立即抓挠欲望相关的令人不快的皮肤感觉。最近的发现已经确定了内源性“瘙痒介质”的潜在类别，并建立了瘙痒病理生理学的现代概念。首先，不存在普遍的外周瘙痒介质，而是存在疾病特异性的相关介质.第二，皮肤细胞的许多介质可以激活和敏化炎性神经末梢，甚至调节它们的生长。我们对脊髓和中枢神经系统相关中枢的瘙痒处理的认识正在迅速增长。本文综述了神经元-皮肤相互作用、离子通道、神经肽、蛋白酶、大麻素、阿片类、激肽、细胞因子、生物胺、神经递质及其受体在瘙痒症病理生物学中的意义。需要更深入地了解这些电路，以开发新的抗癫痫策略。
Pruritus ( itch) can be defined as an unpleasant cutaneous sensation associated with the immediate desire to scratch. Recent findings have identified potential classes of endogenous `` itch mediators'' and establish a modern concept for the pathophysiology of pruritus. First, there in no universal peripheral itch mediator, but disease- specific sets of involved mediators. Second, numerous mediators of skin cells can activate and sensitize pruritic nerve endings, and even modulate their growth. Our knowledge of itch processing in the spinal cord and the involved centers in the central nervous system is rapidly growing. This review summarizes the current information about the significance of neuron - skin interactions, ion channels, neuropeptides, proteases, cannabinoids, opioids, kinins, cytokines, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and their receptors in the pathobiology of pruritus. A deeper understanding of these circuits is required for the development of novel antipruritic strategies.