The Census Race Classification: Is It Doing Its Job?
The Census Race Classification: Is It Doing Its Job?
复制标题
人口普查种族分类：它发挥作用了吗？
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Prewitt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Prewitt
使人口普查的民族分类与美国不断变化的人口统计相一致是一项永无止境的任务，当身份要求成为改变分类的理由时，这一任务变得更加困难。我们研究了四个当前的问题：（1）人口普查局项目的人口更多的非白色比白色由本世纪中叶社会人口统计学家文件的趋势指向一个不同的种族未来;（2）人口普查不充分措施的第二代和第三代美国人，限制了国家的理解，为什么一些移民群体是“种族化”，而其他人是“白化”;（3）在健康、教育和就业方面，种族内的差异性大于种族间的差异性，亚洲人和西班牙裔人的差异性比白人和黑人的差异性更好;（4）白人、黑人和亚洲人在种族自我认同方面的一致性比西班牙裔、美洲原住民和双胞胎群体更强，降低了比赛数据的可靠性。这些衡量问题削弱了与经济增长、社会公正、移民同化、政府改革和开明公众相关的政策选择。
Aligning census ethnoracial categories with America’s changing demography is a never-ending task and becomes more difficult when identity claims are rationales for altering categories. We examine four current problems: (1) the Census Bureau projects a population more nonwhite than white by midcentury—social demographers document trends pointing to a different racial future; (2) the census inadequately measures second- and third-generation Americans, limiting the nation’s understanding of why some immigrant groups are “racialized” while others are “whitened”; (3) on health, education, and employment, there is more intrarace than between-race variability, which is better measured for Asians and Hispanics than it is for whites and blacks; and (4) consistency in racial self-identification is stronger for whites, blacks, and Asians than for Hispanics, Native Americans, and biracial groups, lowering the reliability of race data. These measurement problems weaken policy choices relevant to economic growth, social justice, immigrant assimilation, government reforms, and an enlightened public.