Prevalence of Hypertension in HIV/AIDS Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Compared with HAART-Naive Patients at the Limbe Regional Hospital, Cameroon
Prevalence of Hypertension in HIV/AIDS Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Compared with HAART-Naive Patients at the Limbe Regional Hospital, Cameroon
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0148100
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发表时间：
2016-02-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Monekosso, Gottlieb L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dimala, Christian Akem;Atashili, Julius;Monekosso, Gottlieb L.
背景高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)大大降低了HIV/AIDS患者的发病率和死亡率，但也增加了代谢并发症和心血管疾病。目的首先比较喀麦隆林贝HAART和未接受HAART治疗的HIV/AIDS患者HTN的患病率；其次评估该人群中与HTN相关的其他社会人口学和临床因素。方法2013年4月至6月在林贝地区医院HIV治疗中心进行了一项横断面研究，涉及200名HIV/AIDS患者(100名接受HAART治疗至少12个月的一线HAART方案与100名未接受HAART治疗的患者按年龄和性别匹配)。HTN定义为收缩压(BP)=140 mm Hg和/或舒张压(BP)=90 mm Hg。结果HAART患者HTN的患病率是未接受HAART的患者(19%；95%CI，11.8~28.1)的两倍(38%；95%CI：28.5~48.3)，p=0.003。在对年龄、性别、吸烟、HTN家族史和体重指数定义的超重进行校正的多变量分析中，HAART与HTN相关，HAART治疗组与HAART-NAIVE组调整后的优势比为2.2(95%CI：1.07-4.52)，p=0.032。在HAART组中，HTN与年龄和男性有关，在HAART-NAIVE组中，HTN与BMI定义的超重相关。结论林贝地区HIV/AIDS患者高血压患病率明显高于未接受HAART治疗的患者。应定期监测血压和心血管危险因素。其他因素，如饮食、体重控制和体育锻炼也应考虑在内。
BackgroundHighly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has greatly reduced the morbidity and mortality of HIV/AIDS patients but has also been associated with increased metabolic complications and cardiovascular diseases. Data on the association between HAART and hypertension (HTN) in Africa are scarce.ObjectivesPrimarily to compare the prevalence of HTN in HIV/AIDS patients on HAART and HAART-naive patients in Limbe, Cameroon; and secondarily to assess other socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with HTN in this population.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at the Limbe Regional Hospital HIV treatment center between April and June 2013, involving 200 HIV/AIDS patients (100 on first-line HAART regimens for at least 12 months matched by age and sex to 100 HAART-naive patients). HTN was defined as a systolic blood pressure (BP) >= 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP >= 90 mmHg.ResultsThe prevalence of HTN in patients on HAART was twice (38%; 95% CI: 28.5-48.3) that of the HAART-naive patients (19%; 95% CI, 11.8-28.1), p = 0.003. In multivariate analyses adjusted for age, gender, smoking, family history of HTN, and BMI-defined overweight, HAART was associated with HTN, the adjusted odds ratio of the HAART-treated versus HAART-naive group was 2.20 (95% CI: 1.07-4.52), p = 0.032. HTN was associated with older age and male gender, in the HAART group and with BMI-defined overweight in the HAART-naive group.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in HIV/AIDS patients in Limbe stands out to be elevated, higher in patients on HAART compared to those not on treatment. Blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors should be routinely monitored. Other factors such as diet, weight control and physical exercise should also be considered.