Use of serological surveys to generate key insights into the changing global landscape of infectious disease.
Use of serological surveys to generate key insights into the changing global landscape of infectious disease.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30164-7
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发表时间：
2016-08-13
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Grenfell BT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Metcalf CJ;Farrar J;Cutts FT;Basta NE;Graham AL;Lessler J;Ferguson NM;Burke DS;Grenfell BT
传染病动力学研究中的一个中心难题是确定人群免疫的格局。对特定病原体免疫的个体的比例决定了疫情爆发的时间和规模，以及可以逃避普遍体液免疫的感染的演变速度。血清学调查为确定许多传染病的免疫状况提供了最直接的测量方法，但这一方法仍未得到充分利用。为了解决这一差距，我们建议成立世界血清学银行，并在血清学检测、研究设计和定量分析方面取得相关的主要方法学进展，这可能会推动我们对传染病的理解和最佳控制的一步转变。流行动态是传染病的传染性传播、由此导致的人口易感性耗尽与出生、移民或免疫力减弱而重新补充之间的相互作用的结果。了解这种相互作用是评估疫苗接种效果的关键，疫苗接种人为地减少了易受感染的人数。
A central conundrum in the study of infectious disease dynamics is to define the landscape of population immunity. The proportion of individuals protected against a specific pathogen determines the timing and scale of outbreaks, and the pace of evolution for infections that can evade prevailing humoral immunity. Serological surveys provide the most direct measurement to define the immunity landscape for many infectious diseases, yet this methodology remains underexploited. To address this gap, we propose a World Serology Bank and associated major methodological developments in serological testing, study design, and quantitative analysis, which could drive a step change in our understanding and optimum control of infectious diseases.Epidemic dynamics result from an interaction between the contagious spread of infection, the resulting depletion of population susceptibility, and its replenishment via births, immigration, or waning immunity. Understanding this interaction is key to assess the effect of vaccination, which artificially reduces the number of people susceptible to infection.