What is binocular vision for? A birds' eye view
What is binocular vision for? A birds' eye view
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DOI：
10.1167/9.11.14
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Martin, Graham R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martin, Graham R.
有人提出，除了猫头鹰之外，鸟类的双眼不具有导致实体和相对深度感知的高阶函数。相反，双眼视力是由于需要有一部分视野朝向行进方向而产生的。因此，每只眼睛都必须有一个对侧投影，从而产生双眼。这种对侧投影对于获得围绕钞票对称扩展的光流场是必要的。这指定了在喂食或供应雏鸡时的行进方向和接触目标的时间。对于不需要这种喙控制的鸟类，双眼视场宽度非常小，这表明双眼视觉在运动控制中只起次要作用。对于大多数鸟类来说，双眼功能似乎在于每只眼睛独立做什么，而不是两只眼睛一起做什么。猫头鹰更宽的双眼视野可能是扩大的眼睛和扩大的外耳之间相互作用的产物，这可能只是阻止眼睛更多地横向放置。
It is proposed that with the possible exception of owls, binocularity in birds does not have a higher order function that results in the perception of solidity and relative depth. Rather, binocularity is a consequence of the requirement of having a portion of the visual field that looks in the direction of travel; hence, each eye must have a contralateral projection that gives rise to binocularity. This contralateral projection is necessary to gain a symmetrically expanding optic flow-field about the bill. This specifies direction of travel and time to contact a target during feeding or when provisioning chicks. In birds that do not need such control of their bill, binocular field widths are very small, suggesting that binocular vision plays only a minor role in the control of locomotion. In the majority of birds, the function of binocularity would seem to lie in what each eye does independently rather than in what the two eyes might be able to do together. The wider binocular fields of owls may be the product of an interaction between enlarged eyes and enlarged outer ears, which may simply prevent more lateral placement of the eyes.