Noninvasive bladder testing of adolescent females to assess visceral hypersensitivity.

Noninvasive bladder testing of adolescent females to assess visceral hypersensitivity.
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DOI:
10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002311
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发表时间:
2022-01-01
期刊:
影响因子:
7.4
通讯作者:
Walker LS
Walker LS
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tu FF;Hellman KM;Roth GE;Dillane KE;Walker LS

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内脏刺激后的过度疼痛被认为是女性慢性盆腔疼痛风险的标志。然而,很少有非侵入性的测试已被验证,可以很容易地对青年在早期风险窗口。因此,我们在124名健康的月经前期女性(中位年龄11岁,[IQR 11-12])中评估了无创膀胱疼痛测试的有效性和可靠性,如先前在成年女性中研究的那样。我们探讨了心理社会、感觉因素和定量感觉测试结果是否与诱发的膀胱疼痛相关,并评估了膀胱疼痛与既往腹痛史的关系。与年轻成年女性(21岁[20-28])的结果相比,结果相似,但青少年在首次排尿时的疼痛感更强(p=0.005),最大耐受量更低(p<0.001)。焦虑、抑郁、躯体症状和疼痛灾难化可预测膀胱疼痛(p < 0.05)。膀胱疼痛与压力疼痛阈值呈负相关(r=-0.25,p <0.05),但与冷加压疼痛或条件性疼痛调节有效性无关。膀胱疼痛也与腹痛症状的频率相关(r=0.25,p=0.039)。我们发现,在6-12个月时重复就诊的21名青少年中,在感觉紧迫的标准水平下,膀胱疼痛具有较强的重测信度(组内相关系数= 0.88-0.90)。非侵入性膀胱疼痛测试在青少年女性中可重复,并可预测腹痛的发生。我们的研究结果的证实和对月经初潮期间膀胱试验的进一步研究将有助于确定内脏敏感性如何影响骨盆疼痛风险的早期轨迹。
Excess pain following visceral provocation has been suggested as a marker for chronic pelvic pain risk in women. However, few noninvasive tests have been validated that could be performed readily on youth in early risk windows. Therefore, we evaluated the validity and reliability of a noninvasive bladder pain test in 124 healthy premenarchal females (median age 11, [IQR 11-12]), as previously studied in adult women. We explored whether psychosocial, sensory factors, and quantitative sensory test results were associated with provoked bladder pain and assessed the relation of bladder pain with prior abdominal pain history. Compared with findings in young adult females (age 21 [20-28]), results were similar except that adolescents had more pain at first sensation to void (p=0.005) and lower maximum tolerance volume (p<0.001). Anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, and pain catastrophizing predicted provoked bladder pain (p’s < 0.05). Bladder pain inversely correlated with pressure pain thresholds (r=−.25, p <0.05), but not with cold pressor pain or conditioned pain modulation effectiveness. Bladder pain was also associated with frequency of abdominal pain symptoms (r=0.25, p=0.039). We found strong retest reliability for bladder pain at standard levels of sensory urgency in 21 adolescents who attended repeat visits at 6-12 months (intraclass correlations = 0.88-0.90). Noninvasive bladder pain testing appears reproducible in adolescent females and may predict abdominal pain symptomatology. Confirmation of our findings and further investigation of the bladder test across menarche will help establish how visceral sensitivity contributes to the early trajectory of pelvic pain risk.
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