Using time-use diaries to track changing behavior across successive stages of COVID-19 social restrictions.
Using time-use diaries to track changing behavior across successive stages of COVID-19 social restrictions.
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使用时间使用日记来跟踪 COVID-19 社会限制的连续阶段的行为变化。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2101724118
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Sullivan O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sullivan O
在英国COVID-19限制的不同阶段，人们的行为发生了怎样的变化，这些变化如何影响他们暴露于感染的风险？时间使用日记调查在提供完整的日常行为编年史方面是独一无二的：24小时连续记录人口的活动，他们的社会背景和他们的位置。我们目前的结果从四个这样的调查，收集了真实的时间从代表性的英国样本，无论是之前和在三个点在目前的大流行的过程。通过对这四次浪潮的比较，我们发现了英国人口在活动、地点和社会环境方面行为发生重大变化的证据。我们将不同的风险级别分配给活动、位置和共同存在的组合，以比较连续“封锁”期间与风险相关的行为。我们发现有证据表明，在第二次封锁期间（2020年11月），高风险行为相对于第一次（2020年3月开始）有所增加。这一增长表明与工作场所更多的带薪工作时间有关。在免疫和追踪技术能力仍然有限的时候，各国政府必须继续依靠人们日常行为的变化来遏制COVID-19和类似病毒的传播。在COVID-19大流行期间真实的收集的这类时间使用日记信息，可为政策制定者提供信息，以评估和量化日常行为的变化及其可能对整体行为相关风险的影响。
How did people change their behavior over the different phases of the UK COVID-19 restrictions, and how did these changes affect their risk of being exposed to infection? Time-use diary surveys are unique in providing a complete chronicle of daily behavior: 24-h continuous records of the populations’ activities, their social context, and their location. We present results from four such surveys, collected in real time from representative UK samples, both before and at three points over the course of the current pandemic. Comparing across the four waves, we find evidence of substantial changes in the UK population’s behavior relating to activities, locations, and social context. We assign different levels of risk to combinations of activities, locations, and copresence to compare risk-related behavior across successive “lockdowns.” We find evidence that during the second lockdown (November 2020), there was an increase in high-risk behaviors relative to the first (starting March 2020). This increase is shown to be associated with more paid work time in the workplace. At a time when capacity is still limited both in respect of immunization and track–trace technology, governments must continue to rely on changes in people’s daily behaviors to contain the spread of COVID-19 and similar viruses. Time-use diary information of this type, collected in real time across the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, can provide policy makers with information to assess and quantify changes in daily behaviors and the impact they are likely to have on overall behavioral-associated risks.