Co-designing Electrocatalytic Systems with Separations To Improve the Sustainability of Reactive Nitrogen Management
Co-designing Electrocatalytic Systems with Separations To Improve the Sustainability of Reactive Nitrogen Management
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DOI：
10.1021/acscatal.3c00933
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发表时间：
2023-04
期刊：
影响因子：
12.9
通讯作者：
V. Niemann;P. Benedek;J. Guo;Y. Xu;S. Blair;E. Corson;A. Nielander;T. Jaramillo;W. Tarpeh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Niemann;P. Benedek;J. Guo;Y. Xu;S. Blair;E. Corson;A. Nielander;T. Jaramillo;W. Tarpeh
人类已经改变了氮循环，以生产氮商品，如化肥和化学品，同时将人为活性氮（Nr）污染物释放到环境中。这些污染物危害人类和环境健康，但氮商品是生活质量所必需的。解决这一全球性挑战的一种方法是将NR污染物作为商品去除和回收;这种方法引起了电催化和分离界的关注。从这个角度来看，我们建议共同设计，或集成典型的不同NR分离和电催化技术。我们考虑真实的非污染物废物流和非商品纯度要求。在电催化系统设计中考虑这些标准揭示了理解方面的根本差距以及开发共同设计的技术的机会，该技术是专门针对氮管理中的挑战而设计的。我们专注于氮管理的三个代表性挑战（硝酸盐，氮氧化物和一氧化二氮），确定其来源和条件，突出在电催化和分离领域的成就，并探索如何通过共同设计的方法来解决每个挑战。我们注意到，这种方法将受益于氮传感和环境政策等相关领域的进步，特别是因为氮挑战的变革性解决方案在于多个领域的融合。最终目标是过渡到循环氮经济，确保食品安全，环境友好的未来。
Humans have altered the nitrogen cycle to produce nitrogen commodities like fertilizers and chemicals while releasing anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (Nr) contaminants into the environment. These contaminants endanger human and environmental health, but nitrogen commodities are necessary for quality of life. One approach to solving this global challenge is to remove and recover Nrcontaminants as commodities; this approach has caught the attention of the electrocatalysis and separations communities alike. In this perspective we propose co-design, or the integration of typically disparate Nrseparations and electrocatalytic technologies. We consider real Nrcontaminant waste streams and Nrcommodity purity requirements. Considering these criteria in electrocatalytic system design reveals fundamental gaps in understanding as well as opportunity for developing co-designed technology that is uniquely tailored to address a challenge in nitrogen management. We focus on three representative challenges in nitrogen management (nitrate, nitrogen oxides, and nitrous oxide), identify their sources and conditions, highlight accomplishments in the fields of electrocatalysis and separations, and explore ways to address each challenge with a co-design approach. We note that this approach will benefit from advancements in related fields such as nitrogen sensing and environmental policy, especially because transformative solutions for the nitrogen challenge lie at the confluence of multiple fields. The final goal is to transition to a circular nitrogen economy that secures a food-safe, environmentally friendly future.