D-ASPARTATE IN THE MAMMALIAN BODY
D-ASPARTATE IN THE MAMMALIAN BODY
复制标题
哺乳动物体内的 D-天冬氨酸
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Homma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Homma
经过一些怀疑，现在已经证实D-氨基酸天然存在于哺乳动物组织中。在这篇评论中，我描述了我们对D-天冬氨酸的工作。免疫组织化学染色显示，D-天冬氨酸被发现在特定的细胞在不同时期的发育过程中，大鼠的大脑，肾上腺，松果体，脑垂体和睾丸。D-天冬氨酸似乎是由脑垂体和睾丸合成的，然后分泌到血管系统中，血管系统将其运输到肾上腺和松果体等组织，这些组织使用L-Glu转运蛋白摄取D-天冬氨酸。脑下垂体前叶合成的D-门冬氨酸可能会刺激催乳素产生细胞以自分泌和旁分泌的方式分泌更多的催乳素。在睾丸中，生精小管内产生的D-天冬氨酸可能以旁分泌方式作用于位于小管外的莱迪希细胞，通过刺激其类固醇生成急性调节蛋白基因的表达来增加其睾酮产量。松果体中的D-天冬氨酸，显然主要来自组织外部，抑制实质细胞（松果体细胞）的褪黑激素分泌。对培养的哺乳动物细胞系的研究表明，细胞内D-天冬氨酸浓度似乎在细胞周期期间发生变化，并且可以通过培养物的细胞密度进行调节。这些研究还表明，哺乳动物细胞含有调节D-天冬氨酸稳态所需的所有分子组分，因为它们可以生物合成，释放，吸收和降解D-天冬氨酸。因此，D-天冬氨酸似乎在哺乳动物体内作为一种新型信使发挥作用。
(Abstract) After some doubt, it has now been confirmed that D-amino acids occur naturally in mammalian tissues. In this review, I describe our work with D-aspartate. Immunohistochemical staining reveals that D-aspartate is found in specific cells at distinct periods during the development of rat brain, adrenal, pineal, and pituitary glands, and testis. D-Aspartate appears to be synthesized by the pituitary gland and testis and then secreted into the vascular system which transports it to tissues such as the adrenal and pineal glands, which take it up using the L-Glu transporter. The D-aspartate synthesized by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland may stimulate prolactin-producing cells to secrete more prolactin in an autocrine and paracrine fashion. In the testis, D-aspartate produced inside the seminiferous tubules may act in a paracrine fashion on Leydig cells that reside outside the tubules to increase their testosterone production by stimulating their expression of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory protein gene. D-Aspartate in the pineal gland, apparently primarily derived from outside the tissue, suppresses the melatonin secretion by the parenchymal cells (pinealocytes). Studies with cultured mammalian cell lines reveal that intracellular D-aspartate concentrations appears to change during the cell cycle and can be regulated by the cell density of the culture. These studies also showed that mammalian cells contain all the molecular components needed to regulate D-aspartate homeostasis, as they can biosynthesize, release, take up, and degrade D-aspartate. D-Aspartate thus appears to function in the mammalian body as a novel type of a messenger.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
G. D'aniello;A. Tolino;A. D’Aniello;F. Errico;G. Fisher;M. M. Di Fiore-M.
通讯作者：
G. D'aniello;A. Tolino;A. D’Aniello;F. Errico;G. Fisher;M. M. Di Fiore-M.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.5.2013
发表时间：
1997-03-04
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Schell, MJ;Cooper, OB;Snyder, SH
通讯作者：
Snyder, SH