Antibodies and vaccines against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Antibodies and vaccines against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
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DOI：
10.1080/22221751.2019.1624482
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发表时间：
2019-06-06
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
Zhang, Linqi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu, Jiuyang;Jia, Wenxu;Zhang, Linqi
自2012年在沙特阿拉伯首次爆发以来，中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)已在27个国家传播，感染人数超过2200人。这种新型冠状病毒的高致死率(35.4%)及其在动物水库中持续广泛传播的传染性已引起全球公共卫生的极大关注。然而，目前还没有获得许可的针对MERS-CoV的治疗剂或疫苗，只有少数进入临床试验。在MERS冠状病毒的所有潜在靶点中，钉状糖蛋白(S)因其在介导病毒进入和在感染个体中诱导保护性抗体反应方面的关键作用而被研究得最多。最值得注意的研究包括最近发现的单抗和针对S糖蛋白的候选疫苗的开发。与这些单抗结合的MERS冠状病毒S蛋白的结构特征为研究抗MERS冠状病毒感染的体液免疫反应机制提供了新的思路。目前的审查旨在强调这些发展，并讨论可能的障碍和战略，以将这些发现转化为针对MERS-CoV感染的最终医疗干预。
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has spread through 27 countries and infected more than 2,200 people since its first outbreak in Saudi Arabia in 2012. The high fatality rate (35.4%) of this novel coronavirus and its persistent wide spread infectiousness in animal reservoirs have generated tremendous global public health concern. However, no licensed therapeutic agents or vaccines against MERS-CoV are currently available and only a limited few have entered clinical trials. Among all the potential targets of MERS-CoV, the spike glycoprotein (S) has been the most well-studied due to its critical role in mediating viral entry and in inducing a protective antibody response in infected individuals. The most notable studies include the recent discoveries of monoclonal antibodies and development of candidate vaccines against the S glycoprotein. Structural characterization of MERS-CoV S protein bound with these monoclonal antibodies has provided insights into the mechanisms of humoral immune responses against MERS-CoV infection. The current review aims to highlight these developments and discuss possible hurdles and strategies to translate these discoveries into ultimate medical interventions against MERS-CoV infection.[GRAPHICS].