Unique Features of Fish Immune Repertoires: Particularities of Adaptive Immunity Within the Largest Group of Vertebrates.
Unique Features of Fish Immune Repertoires: Particularities of Adaptive Immunity Within the Largest Group of Vertebrates.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-20819-0_10
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Boudinot, Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Magadan, Susana;Sunyer, Oriol J;Boudinot, Pierre
鱼类(即硬骨鱼)是脊椎动物中最大的一类。尽管它们的免疫系统是基于所有脊椎动物群体中发现的基本受体、途径和细胞类型，但鱼类表现出各种独特的特征，挑战了一些经典的免疫学概念。在本章中，我们从比较的角度讨论了鱼类免疫谱系的特殊性。我们考察了当存在多个Ig基因座时如何实现等位基因排除，同型多样性和功能特异性如何影响克隆复杂性，MHC II类分子的丢失如何影响T和B细胞之间的合作，以及深度测序技术如何在没有生发中心的情况下带来关于体细胞过度突变的新见解。两个不同的B细胞谱系的独特共存分别专门在全身和粘膜反应也进行了讨论。最后，我们试图证明硬骨鱼免疫谱系的不同适应有助于理解体细胞免疫适应机制是如何在不同的脊椎动物谱系中并行进化的。
Fishes (i.e., teleost fishes) are the largest group of vertebrates. Although their immune system is based on the fundamental receptors, pathways, and cell types found in all groups of vertebrates, fishes show a diversity of particular features that challenge some classical concepts of immunology. In this chapter, we discuss the particularities of fish immune repertoires from a comparative perspective. We examine how allelic exclusion can be achieved when multiple Ig loci are present, how isotypic diversity and functional specificity impact clonal complexity, how loss of the MHC class II molecules affects the cooperation between T and B cells, and how deep sequencing technologies bring new insights about somatic hypermutation in the absence of germinal centers. The unique coexistence of two distinct B-cell lineages respectively specialized in systemic and mucosal responses is also discussed. Finally, we try to show that the diverse adaptations of immune repertoires in teleosts can help in understanding how somatic adaptive mechanisms of immunity evolved in parallel in different lineages across vertebrates.