Compromise and Synergy in High-Efficiency Thermoelectric Materials
Compromise and Synergy in High-Efficiency Thermoelectric Materials
复制标题
高效热电材料的折衷与协同
DOI：
10.1002/adma.201605884
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Zhao Xinbing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu Tiejun;Liu Yintu;Fu Chenguang;Heremans Joseph P.;Snyder Jeffrey G.;Zhao Xinbing
在过去的二十年里，热电（TE）的研究迅速增长。这里描述了已经出现的新概念和范例，目标是上级TE材料和更高的TE性能。这些上级方面包括能带会聚、“声子玻璃电子晶体”、多尺度声子散射、共振态、非谐性等。基于这些概念，一些新的TE材料具有独特的特征，包括具有高能带简并的固体、具有原子在其中晃动的笼、具有各种长度尺度的纳米结构等。然而，大多数TE材料的优值仍然低于2.0，通常在1.0左右，这是由于相关的TE性质。为了实现“overallzT> 2.0”，必须更彻底地解耦相互关联的属性，或者向整体优化问题添加新的自由度。电和热传输必须协同优化。在这里，详细讨论了常用的策略，以优化个人TE属性。然后，四个主要的TE属性之间的妥协阐述了从根本机制和解耦策略的角度来看。最后介绍了几种典型的协同优化体系，可供其它热电材料的协同优化参考。最后，讨论了未来的一些最新想法。
The past two decades have witnessed the rapid growth of thermoelectric (TE) research. Novel concepts and paradigms are described here that have emerged, targeting superior TE materials and higher TE performance. These superior aspects include band convergence, “phonon‐glass electron‐crystal”, multiscale phonon scattering, resonant states, anharmonicity, etc. Based on these concepts, some new TE materials with distinct features have been identified, including solids with high band degeneracy, with cages in which atoms rattle, with nanostructures at various length scales, etc. In addition, the performance of classical materials has been improved remarkably. However, the figure of meritzTof most TE materials is still lower than 2.0, generally around 1.0, due to interrelated TE properties. In order to realize an “overallzT> 2.0,” it is imperative that the interrelated properties are decoupled more thoroughly, or new degrees of freedom are added to the overall optimization problem. The electrical and thermal transport must be synergistically optimized. Here, a detailed discussion about the commonly adopted strategies to optimize individual TE properties is presented. Then, four main compromises between the TE properties are elaborated from the point of view of the underlying mechanisms and decoupling strategies. Finally, some representative systems of synergistic optimization are also presented, which can serve as references for other TE materials. In conclusion, some of the newest ideas for the future are discussed.