HORMONAL EFFECTS ON NEURAL RETINA .1. GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE DEVELOPMENT IN RETINA AND LIVER OF NORMAL AND TRIIODOTHYRONINE-TREATED RAT
HORMONAL EFFECTS ON NEURAL RETINA .1. GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE DEVELOPMENT IN RETINA AND LIVER OF NORMAL AND TRIIODOTHYRONINE-TREATED RAT
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DOI：
10.1016/0003-9861(71)90372-9
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发表时间：
1971-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
CHADER, GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHADER, GJ
谷氨酰胺合成酶，根据其谷氨酰转移酶的活性，在大鼠的神经视网膜中最高，但也存在于非神经组织，如肝脏。除肝脏外，转移酶活性的组织分布与合成酶活性的组织分布基本一致。肝酶活性在胎儿生命后期升高，出生时再次升高，而视网膜活性保持在较低水平。三碘甲腺原氨酸在妊娠晚期给胎儿使用时，会增加两个组织中的酶活性。在出生后第1天注射激素24小时后，两种组织中的酶水平也明显升高。在出生后第二周，两种组织中的酶水平都急剧上升。新生儿激素注射在大约第11天后不再有影响。在第9天或第15天注射甲状腺激素可在24小时内提高肝酶水平，但不影响视网膜酶。因此，在神经和非神经组织中观察到不同的酶发展和对激素刺激的反应模式。然而，在视网膜功能最成熟的时候，这两个组织的活动同时增加。
Glutamine synthetase, as measured by its glutamyl transferase activity, is highest in the neural retina of the rat but is also present in non-neural tissues such as liver. Except for liver, the tissue distribution of transferase activity appears to parallel that of synthetase activity. Hepatic enzyme activity rises in late fetal life and again at birth, while retinal activity remains at a low level. Triiodothyronine increases enzyme activity in both tissues when administered to the fetus in late gestation. Higher enzyme levels are also apparent in both tissues 24 hr after hormone injection on postnatal day 1. During the second postnatal week, enzyme levels rise sharply in both tissues. Effects of neonatal hormone injection are no longer observed after approximately day 11. Thyroid hormone injection on day 9 or 15 increases the level of the hepatic enzyme within 24 hr but does not affect the retinal enzyme. Different patterns of enzyme development and response to hormone stimulus are thus observed in neural and non-neural tissue. The major increases in activity, however, occur concurrently in both tissues at the time of maximal functional maturation of the retina.