Sizing of the Drone Delivery Fleet Considering Energy Autonomy
Sizing of the Drone Delivery Fleet Considering Energy Autonomy
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DOI：
10.3390/su10093344
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
El Mhamedi, Abderrahman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Troudi, Asma;Addouche, Sid-Ali;El Mhamedi, Abderrahman
为了减少城市包裹递送物流对环境的影响，文献中最具创新性的解决方案之一是在最后一公里使用无人机进行递送。因此，如今的主要挑战本质上与无人机的机队规模有关，根据其支持城市包裹递送的方式。在本文中，我们将从城市周长交付的预测、车队的规模、要处理的电池库存和电池充电策略等方面讨论尺寸问题。我们将提出一个分析模型来表达所提出的最优无人机交付任务问题，同时考虑到与无人机技术规格相关的自主性和能耗问题。根据所建立的分析模型，提出了两种优化策略。第一种策略是在减小距离的条件下规划任务。第二个政策试图在无人机的距离和数量之间做出妥协。为了根据一个计划的总成本比较这两种政策，将提出一个案例研究。该研究的主要目的是在操作限制下的一段时间内预测交付情况下，为无人机舰队的设计创建一个决策工具。
One of the most innovative solutions treated in the literature in order to reduce the environmental impact of urban parcel delivery logistics is the use of drones for delivery on the last kilometer. Consequently, nowadays, the primary challenge is essentially related to the drones' fleet sizing according to its means of support for the urban delivery of parcels. In this paper, we will discuss the issue of dimensioning from a forecast of deliveries of an urban perimeter, the size of the fleet, the stock of battery to dispose of and the strategy of battery charging. We will present an analytical model expressing the proposed problem of the optimal drones' delivery mission taking into account the issues of autonomy and energy consumption related to the drone's technical specification. According to the developed analytical model, two optimization policies will be proposed. The first policy consists of planning missions under reducing distance. The second policy tries to make a compromise between the distance and the number of drones. A case study will be presented in order to compare the two policies based on the overall cost of a plan. The main objective of the study is to create a decision-making tool for the design of a drone fleet in the case of forecast deliveries over a time horizon under operational constraints.