University Expansion and the Challenges to Social Development in Kenya: Dilemmas and Pitfalls
University Expansion and the Challenges to Social Development in Kenya: Dilemmas and Pitfalls
复制标题
肯尼亚的大学扩张和社会发展的挑战：困境和陷阱
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Jowi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Oanda;J. Jowi
近年来，肯尼亚公立和私立大学的惊人扩张为成千上万渴望知识的学生提供了实现抱负的机会。尤其是公立大学被迫使其课程多样化，制定灵活的学习时间表，并在其传统地点以外建立校园。但是，目前肯尼亚高等教育扩张的趋势如何使这些机构能够很好地阻止社会排斥并为社会发展做出贡献？肯尼亚公立大学的扩张在多大程度上伴随着公平考虑和阐述阶级、性别和种族问题的新方式？从象牙塔和国家发展项目，仅被视为劳动力发展方面，非洲各地的大学分散到农村地区，既作为一种战略，以扩大访问和定位自己作为商业实体。然而，这种扩张并不是由公共部门推动的。相反，它是由私营部门推动的，农村地区公立大学的分支校园有时充当私人创收单位，不受严格的公共部门监督。本文追溯了肯尼亚的这些发展，指出了大学作为国家社会机构必须处于社会发展中心的公平、质量和存在方面的新挑战。这篇文章是基于对肯尼亚公立大学扩张的当前趋势和影响的已发表和灰色文献的批判性案头审查。
The phenomenal expansion of public and private universities in Kenya in recent years has opened access to thousands of knowledge-thirsty students to achieve their ambitions. Public universities in particular have been forced to diversify their programmes, establish flexible learning schedules and set up campuses away from their traditional locations. But how do current trends in higher education expansion in Kenya place the institutions in good stead to stem social exclusion and contribute to social development? To what extent is the expansion of public universities in Kenya accompanied by equity considerations and new ways of articulating the issues of class, gender and ethnicity? From being ivory towers and national development projects that were solely seen in terms of workforce development, universities throughout Africa have dispersed to the rural areas both as a strategy to expand access and position themselves as business entities. However, this expansion has not been driven by the public sector. Rather, it has been driven by the private sector, with branch campuses of public universities in rural areas sometimes serving as private income generation units, outside strict public sector oversight. This article traces these developments in Kenya, pointing out the new challenges in terms of equity, quality and the existence of universities as national social institutions that have to be at the centre of social development. The article is based on a critical desk review of published and grey literature on current trends and implications of public university expansion in Kenya.