Calculating Carma: Global Estimation of Co2 Emissions from the Power Sector
Calculating Carma: Global Estimation of Co2 Emissions from the Power Sector
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DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.1138690
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发表时间：
2008-05
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Wheeler;Kevin Ummel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Wheeler;Kevin Ummel
本文提供了对CARMA（碳监测行动）的详细描述和评估，这是一个报告电力部门二氧化碳排放的数据库。我们建立CARMA是为了帮助数百万关心此事的全球公民，一旦他们掌握了有关排放源的及时、准确的信息，就可以采取行动减少碳排放。CARMA还为全球监测系统奠定了基础，这将是确保任何后京都碳排放限制协议的可信度所必需的。CARMA将重点放在电力部门，因为它是最大的二氧化碳排放源（占全球总量的26%），而且发电厂比许多碳排放源有更好的记录。CARMA的数据库和网站让任何能上网的人只需敲几下键盘，就能了解发电厂以及拥有和运营发电厂的公司的详细信息。CARMA包括许多汇总工具，因此它可以用于地方、区域、国家和国际比较。该数据库还提供了关于不排放碳的发电厂和公司的完整信息，因为它们使用非化石能源（核能、水力、太阳能、风能、生物燃料、地热等）。在本文中，我们对CARMA的方法进行了描述，对其优缺点进行了评估，并对其在不同国家和不同地理尺度上的准确性进行了一些测试。虽然CARMA在这些测试中表现良好，但我们认识到它远非完美。因此，我们向任何对我们的估计提出异议的发电厂或公司发出以下邀请：向我们提供更好的数据，由适当的第三方验证，我们将把它们纳入CARMA。
This paper provides a detailed description and assessment of CARMA (Carbon Monitoring for Action), a database that reports CO2 emissions from the power sector. We built CARMA to assist the millions of concerned global citizens who can act to reduce carbon emissions once they have timely, accurate information about emissions sources. CARMA also lays the groundwork for the global monitoring system that will be necessary to ensure the credibility of any post-Kyoto carbon emissions limitation agreement. CARMA focuses on the power sector because it is the largest carbon dioxide emitter (26% of the global total), and because power plants are much better-documented than many sources of carbon emissions. The CARMA database and website put anyone with web access a few keystrokes away from detailed knowledge about power plants and the companies that own and operate them. CARMA includes many aggregation tools, so it can be used for local, regional, national and international comparisons. The database also offers complete information about power plants and companies that do not emit carbon because they use non-fossil energy sources (nuclear, hydro, solar, wind, biofuels, geothermal, etc.). In this paper, we provide a description of CARMA’s methodology, an assessment of its strengths and weaknesses, and some tests of its accuracy across countries and at different geographical scales. While CARMA performs well in these tests, we recognize that it is far from perfect. We therefore extend the following invitation to any power plant or company that disputes our estimates: Provide us with better data, verified by an appropriate third party, and we will incorporate them in CARMA.