Sub -Daily Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Ambulance Dispatches during Wildfire Seasons: A Case -Crossover Study in British Columbia, Canada
Sub -Daily Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Ambulance Dispatches during Wildfire Seasons: A Case -Crossover Study in British Columbia, Canada
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp5792
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Henderson, Sarah B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yao, Jiayun;Brauer, Michael;Henderson, Sarah B.
B ACKGROUND：在野生季节暴露于空气颗粒物(PM2.5)与不利的健康后果有关。以前的研究集中在每日暴露，但烟雾事件中的PM2.5水平在一天内可能会有很大变化。o BJECTIVES：我们的目标是评估不列颠哥伦比亚省野生动物季节次日暴露于PM2.5与急性健康后果之间的直接和滞后关系。方法：我们使用时间分层的病例交叉研究设计来评估模拟的每小时PM2.5与2010年至2015年狂风季的救护车调度之间的关联。使用分布滞后非线性模型估计滞后1~48h的滞后概率和累积优势比(OR)，并通过救护车调度(AD)、辅助医疗评估(PA)或医院诊断(HD)代码来检验所有与呼吸、循环和糖尿病相关的调度和调度之间的关系。结果：PM2.5浓度每增加10-lg=m~3，暴露后1小时内，呼吸系统健康状况明显改善。48小时累积OR[95%可信区间(CI)]AD码呼吸问题为1.038(1.009，1.067)，PA码哮喘/慢性阻塞性肺疾病为1.098(1.013，1.189)。心肌梗死的PA编码和缺血性心脏病的HD编码的积分估计值在1小时内上调，24小时累积OR值分别为1.104(0.915，1.331)和1.069(0.983，1.162)。随着时间的推移，糖尿病患者AD和PA代码的概率增加到24小时的累积OR分别为1.075(1.001，1.153)和1.104(1.015，1.202)。结论：我们发现野外季节PM2.5的增加与暴露后1小时内的某些呼吸和心血管结果有关，并且随着时间的推移，它与糖尿病结果的相关性增加。累积效应与文献中其他报道的一致。这些结果值得进一步调查，并可能对公共卫生行动的适当时间尺度产生影响。Https://doi.ORG/10.1289/EHP5792
B ACKGROUND : Exposure to fi ne particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) during wild fi re seasons has been associated with adverse health outcomes. Previous studies have focused on daily exposure, but PM 2.5 levels in smoke events can vary considerably within 1 d. O BJECTIVES : We aimed to assess the immediate and lagged relationship between sub -daily exposure to PM 2.5 and acute health outcomes during wild- fi re seasons in British Columbia. M ETHODS : We used a time -strati fi ed case -crossover study design to evaluate the association between modeled hourly PM 2.5 and ambulance dispatches during wild fi re seasons from 2010 to 2015. Distributed lag nonlinear models were used to estimate the lag -speci fi c and cumulative odds ratios (ORs) at lags from 1 to 48 h. We examined the relationship for all dispatches and dispatches related to respiratory, circulatory, and diabetic conditions, iden- ti fi ed by codes for ambulance dispatch (AD), paramedic assessment (PA) or hospital diagnosis (HD). R ESULTS : Increased respiratory health outcomes were observed within 1 h of exposure to a 10- lg = m 3 increase in PM 2.5 . The 48-h cumulative OR [95% con fi dence interval (CI)] was 1.038 (1.009, 1.067) for the AD code Breathing Problems and 1.098 (1.013, 1.189) for PA code Asthma/COPD. The point estimates were elevated within 1 h for the PA code for Myocardial Infarction and HD codes for Ischemic Heart Disease, which had 24-h cumulative ORs of 1.104 (0.915, 1.331) and 1.069 (0.983, 1.162), respectively. The odds of Diabetic AD and PA codes increased over time to a cu- mulative 24-h OR of 1.075 (1.001, 1.153) and 1.104 (1.015, 1.202) respectively. C ONCLUSIONS : We found increased PM 2.5 during wild fi re seasons was associated with some respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes within 1 h fol- lowing exposure, and its association with diabetic outcomes increased over time. Cumulative e ff ects were consistent with those reported elsewhere in the literature. These results warrant further investigation and may have implications for the appropriate time scale of public health actions. https://doi. org/10.1289/EHP5792