CINGULATE CORTEX OF THE RHESUS-MONKEY .1. CYTOARCHITECTURE AND THALAMIC AFFERENTS
CINGULATE CORTEX OF THE RHESUS-MONKEY .1. CYTOARCHITECTURE AND THALAMIC AFFERENTS
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.902620207
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发表时间：
1987-08-08
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
ROSENE, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VOGT, BA;PANDYA, DN;ROSENE, DL
在恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）中评估了扣带皮层的细胞结构和丘脑传入神经。区域24具有三个部分，其中区域24a邻近胼胝沟并且具有最少的层状分化。区域24b具有更清晰界定的层II、III和Va，并且形成前扣带沟下岸的区域24c具有特别致密的层III。 23区也有三个分区，每个分区都有不同的第四层。区域23a邻近胼胝沟并具有最薄的层II-IV，其具有与层V和VI相同的细胞密度。区域 23b 在 IIIc 层和 Va 层中具有最大的锥体，区域 23c 在后扣带沟深处具有最宽的外部锥体层和最薄的内部锥体层。最后，区域 29 和 30 位于胼胝沟后部深处。区域29的两个划分是明显的：一个具有与层I直接相邻的粒状层（区域29a-c），另一个具有层III和IV的区分（区域29d）。区域30具有颗粒异常层IV。将逆行示踪剂辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）注射到猴子扣带皮层的各个分区中。 25 区主要接收来自中线旁细胞核 (Pt)、中央密细胞核 (Cdc) 和 Reuniens 核以及来自中背核 (MDpc) 的背侧小细胞分裂的丘脑输入。密度较低的投射也起源于层内束旁核 (Pf)、中央上核和限制核 (Li) 以及前核 (AM) 的内侧部分。区域 24a 和 24b 接收来自 Cdc 和 Pf 核中的梭形和多极细胞的大部分丘脑传入，来自腹侧前部 (VA) 和 MDpc 和 MD 密细胞 (MDdc) 核的少量丘脑传入，仅来自 AM 的少量输入。运动前扣带区 24c 的大部分输入似乎源自 VA、MDdc 和 Li。区域 29 接收来自传统上与边缘皮层相关的核团的最密集输入，包括前腹 (AV)、前背 (AD) 和后背 (LD) 核。相比之下，23a 和 23b 区域不接收 AV、AD 或 LD 输入，但其丘脑传入神经的最大比例出现在 AM 中。不太明显的输入也来自后后核 (LP)、内侧枕核和 MDdc 核。后一个核投射到区域 23b 的程度多于投射到区域 30 或 23a 的程度。由于两个原因，前内侧核传出扣带皮层特别值得注意。首先，AM 主要投射到后扣带回区域，其中 23 区接收来自 AM 的主要丘脑输入。其次，对区域 30、23a 和 23b 的投影按地形组织，腹侧区域 30 和 23a 接收来自 AM 中央核心的输入，而更靠背的区域 23b 接收来自 AM 外围和内侧部分的输入。鉴于 Cdc、Csl 和 Pf 广泛投射到前扣带皮层，建议将中线和层内丘脑核与前核、LD 和 MD 核一起归类为边缘丘脑的一部分。此外，虽然 AM 主要投射到后扣带皮层，但它也有到 25 区的光投射和到 24 区的少量输入。因此，AM 是唯一一个对扣带皮层有如此广泛投射的边缘丘脑核。最后，区域 23 中的视觉诱发活动可能是腰椎间盘和内侧枕丘投影的结果。
The cytoarchitecture and thalamic afferents of cingulate cortex were evaluated in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). Area 24 has three divisions of which area 24a is adjacent to the callosal sulcus and has the least laminar differentiation. Area 24b has more clearly defined layers II, III, and Va, and area 24c, which forms the lower bank of the anterior cingulate sulcus, has a particular dense layer III. Area 23 also has three divisions, each of which had a distinct layer IV. Area 23a is adjacent to the callosal sulcus and has the thinnest layers II-IV, which have the same cell density as layers V and VI. Area 23b has the largest pyramids in layers IIIc and Va, and area 23c, in the depths of the posterior cingulate sulcus, has the broadest external and thinnest internal pyramidal layers. Finally, areas 29 and 30 are located in the posterior depths of the callosal sulcus. Two divisions of area 29 are apparent: one with a granular layer directly adjacent to layer I (area 29a-c) and another with differentiation of layers III and IV (area 29d). Area 30 has a dysgranular layer IV. Injections of the retrograde tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were made into subdivisions of cingulate cortex in the monkey. Area 25 received thalamic input mainly from the midline parataenial (Pt), central densocellular (Cdc), and reuniens nuclei as well as from the dorsal parvicellular division of the mediodorsal nucleus (MDpc). A less dense projection also originated in the intralaminar parafascicular (Pf), central superior, and limitans (Li) nuclei as well as the medial division of the anterior nuclei (AM). Areas 24a and 24b received most thalamic afferents from fusiform and multipolar cells in the Cdc and Pf nuclei with fewer from the ventral anterior (VA) and MDpc and MD densocellular (MDdc) nuclei and only minor input from AM. Most input to premotor cingulate area 24c appeared to originate in VA, MDdc, and Li. Area 29 received the most dense input from nuclei traditionally associated with limbic cortex including the anteroventral (AV), anterodorsal (AD), and laterodorsal (LD) nuclei. Areas 23a and 23b, in contrast, did not receive AV, AD, or LD input, but the greatest proportion of their thalamic afferents arose in AM. Less-pronounced input also came from the lateroposterior (LP), medial pulvinar, and MDdc nuclei. This latter nucleus projected more to area 23b than to areas 30 or 23a. Anterior medial nucleus efferents to cingulate cortex were of particular note for two reasons. Frist, AM projected primarily to posterior cingulate areas with area 23 receiving its principal thalamic input from AM. Second, projections to areas 30, 23a, and 23b were topographically organized with ventral areas 30 and 23a receiving from the central core of AM, while the more dorsally located area 23b received input from peripheral and medial parts of AM. In light of the extensive projections of Cdc, Csl, and Pf to anterior cingulate cortex, it is proposed that the midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei be classified as part of limbic thalamus along with the anterior, LD, and MD nuclei. Furthermore, although AM projects mainly to posterior cingulate cortex, it also has light projections to area 25 and minor input to area 24. As such, AM is the only limbic thalamic nucleus that has such widespread projections to cingulate cortex. Finally, visually evoked activity in area 23 may be the result of projections from the LP and medial pulvinar.