STRESS AND ADAPTATIONAL OUTCOMES - THE PROBLEM OF CONFOUNDED MEASURES
STRESS AND ADAPTATIONAL OUTCOMES - THE PROBLEM OF CONFOUNDED MEASURES
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DOI：
10.1037/0003-066x.40.7.770
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
GRUEN, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LAZARUS, RS;DELONGIS, A;GRUEN, R
混淆是许多研究压力与适应结果（如心理症状和躯体健康）之间关系的人感到不安的一个主要原因。 Dohrenwend、Dohrenwend、Dodson 和 Shrout 最近发表的一篇文章阐述了一种普遍提出的解决方案，即通过关注环境因素并使其独立于感知或评估等心理反应变量来净化自变量压力。然而，这样的解决方案既不可能也不可取，而且它排除了诸如我们自己的心理压力的关系认知理论。在本文中，我们仔细研究了压力研究中的混杂和循环问题并提供了新数据。我们认为，在心理压力的测量中，评估过程不应该也不可能被去除，因此一些混杂是不可避免的。与情绪一样，压力最好被视为一个由许多相互关联的变量和过程组成的复杂标题，而不是一个可以轻松测量并与适应结果相关的简单变量。
Confounding is a major source of uneasiness among many who do research on the relationship between stress and adaptational outcomes such as psychological symptoms and somatic health. A commonly proposed solution, illustrated by a recent article by Dohrenwend, Dohrenwend, Dodson, and Shrout, is to purify the independent variable, stress, by focusing on its environmental aspects and by making it independent of psychological response variables such as perceptions or appraisals. Such a solution, however, is neither possible nor desirable, and it obviates relational, cognitive theories of psychological stress such as our own. In this article, we closely examine the problem of confounding and circularity in stress research and provide new data. We argue that the appraisal process should not and cannot be removed in the measurement of psychological stress, and therefore some confounding is inevitable. Like emotion, stress is best regarded as a complex rubric consisting of many interrelated variables and processes rather than as a simple variable that can be readily measured and correlated with adaptational outcomes.