Critical population status of the jaguar Panthera onca in the Argentine Chaco: camera-trap surveys suggest recent collapse and imminent regional extinction
Critical population status of the jaguar Panthera onca in the Argentine Chaco: camera-trap surveys suggest recent collapse and imminent regional extinction
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阿根廷查科美洲虎Panthera onca的关键种群状况：相机陷阱调查表明最近的崩溃和即将发生的区域灭绝
DOI：
10.1017/s0030605312000944
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
M. D. Di Bitetti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Quiroga;G. Boaglio;A. Noss;M. D. Di Bitetti
摘要 半干旱查科省的美洲虎 Panthera onca 种群是阿根廷最不为人所知的。其在该地区的状况仅通过 2003 年之前确认其存在的采访进行描述。为了更新有关该物种的分布和种群密度的信息，我们在跨纬度和保护梯度的地点进行了 3 次相机陷阱调查，并结合寻找标志，并对三个较大区域的当地居民进行了 156 次采访。相机陷阱站点位于阿根廷查科记录密度最高的地区：科波国家公园（1,204 个陷阱日，24 个监测站，344 公里横断面）、阿博里根保护区（1,993 个陷阱日，30 个监测站，251 公里横断面）和埃尔坎托（2,129 个陷阱日，35 个监测站，297 公里横断面）。我们没有获得任何美洲虎的照片。我们记录到的美洲虎足迹非常少，并且仅在 Aborigen 保护区 (n = 3) 和 El Cantor (n = 1)。通过采访确认的分布点地图表明，美洲虎分布范围在过去10年里没有发生显着变化；然而，相机陷阱和标志调查表明密度极低。在我们研究之前，查科人口被认为是阿根廷人口最多的。这种看法是错误的：查科美洲虎种群是该国受威胁最严重的。系统、深入的研究对于为受威胁物种的管理和保护决策提供必要的信息至关重要。
Abstract The population of jaguars Panthera onca in the semi-arid Chaco Province is the least well-known in Argentina. Its status in the region is described only from interviews that confirmed its presence until 2003. To update information on the distribution and population density of this species we undertook three camera-trap surveys, combined with searches for sign, at sites across latitudinal and protection gradients, and 156 interviews with local inhabitants across three larger areas. The camera-trap sites were located in areas with the highest density of records in the Argentine Chaco: Copo National Park (1,204 trap days, 24 stations, 344 km of transects), Aborigen Reserve (1,993 trap days, 30 stations, 251 km of transects) and El Cantor (2,129 trap days, 35 stations, 297 km of transects). We did not obtain any photographs of jaguars. We recorded very few jaguar tracks, and only in the Aborigen Reserve (n = 3) and El Cantor (n = 1). The map of distribution points confirmed through interviews suggests that the jaguar range has not changed significantly in the past 10 years; however, the camera-trap and sign surveys suggest that densities are extremely low. Before our study the Chaco population was thought to be the largest in Argentina. This perception was incorrect: the Chaco jaguar population is the most threatened in the country. Systematic, intensive studies are essential to provide the necessary information for decision-making for the management and conservation of threatened species.