Zinc fortification of cereal flours: Current recommendations and research needs
Zinc fortification of cereal flours: Current recommendations and research needs
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DOI：
10.1177/15648265100311s106
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ranum, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Kenneth H.;Hambidge, K. Michael;Ranum, Peter
背景资料：锌强化被推荐为一种适当的策略，以提高人口锌的地位，但需要指导的适当类型和水平的谷物面粉的锌强化大规模强化计划。目的：审查关于锌强化计划的科学原理、功效和有效性的现有信息，并制定关于谷物粉适当强化水平的指南，基于不同饮食条件下锌吸收量的模拟和可能的不良影响的信息。科学文献的系统回顾和现有预测方程的应用，以估计锌的吸收。以前完成的研究表明，锌的摄入量和吸收增加时，锌强化食品的消费，但很少有信息，到目前为止，大规模的强化计划的生物影响。研究表明，推荐的锌强化范围对锌强化食品的感官特性没有不利影响，大多数研究表明，锌强化对其他矿物质的利用没有不利影响。结论谷物粉锌强化是一种安全、适当的策略，可提高食用适量强化谷物粉的人群锌营养状况。尽管还需要更多的信息来证实大规模锌强化计划控制锌缺乏的功效和有效性。适当的强化水平取决于人口亚组，他们通常的面粉摄入量，所实施的碾磨和发酵程度，以及通常从其他食物来源摄入的锌和植酸盐。针对不同的膳食情景提出了强化建议。
Background: Zinc fortification is recommended as an appropriate strategy to enhance population zinc status, but guidelines are needed on the appropriate types and levels of zinc fortification of cereal flours for mass fortification programs.Objective: To review available information on the scientific rationale, efficacy, and effectiveness of zinc fortification programs, and to develop guidelines on appropriate levels of fortification of cereal flours, based on simulations of the amount of zinc absorbed under different dietary conditions and information on possible adverse effects.Methods. Systematic review of scientific literature and application of an existing prediction equation to estimate zinc absorption.Results. Previously completed research demonstrates that zinc intake and absorption are increased when zinc-fortified foods are consumed, but little information is, as yet, available on the biologic impact of large-scale fortification programs. Studies suggest that there are no disadvantages of the recommended ranges of zinc fortification with regard to the sensory properties of zinc-fortified foods, and most research indicates that there are no adverse effects of zinc fortification on the utilization of other mineralsConclusions Zinc fortification of cereal flour is a safe and appropriate strategy for enhancing the zinc status of population subgroups who consume adequate amounts of fortified cereal flour, although additional information is needed to confirm the efficacy and effectiveness of large-scale zinc fortification programs to control zinc deficiency. The appropriate level of fortification depends on the population subgroup, their usual amount of flour intake, the degree of milling and fermentation that is practiced, and the usual intakes of zinc and phytate from other food sources. Fortification recommendations are presented for different dietary scenarios.