Holocene and Pleistocene fringing reef growth and the role of accommodation space and exposure to waves and currents (Bora Bora, Society Islands, French Polynesia)
Holocene and Pleistocene fringing reef growth and the role of accommodation space and exposure to waves and currents (Bora Bora, Society Islands, French Polynesia)
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全新世和更新世边缘礁的生长以及住宿空间的作用以及暴露在波浪和洋流中的作用（波拉波拉岛，社会群岛，法属波利尼西亚）
DOI：
10.1111/sed.12533
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Gilbert F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gischler;Eberhard;Hudson;J. Harold;Humblet;Juan Carlos;Schmitt;Dominik;Isaack;Eisenhauer;Camoin;Gilbert F.
博拉博拉岛周围的全新世边缘礁的发展受到可容纳空间（作为海平面和先前地形的函数）的变化以及暴露于波浪和水流的控制。下沉量从0到0.11 m kyr−1不等，并没有产生明显的适应空间。迎风边缘礁开始生长8·7千磅，在更新世边缘礁上方向海岸逆行，直到约6·0千磅，然后在海平面达到目前水平后向泻湖推进。珊瑚礁的退化部分主要由珊瑚、钙质藻类和微生物岩框架组成;珊瑚礁的退化部分主要是碎屑。该礁厚达13.5米，垂直生长速度为3.12米/千年。横向增长达到13.3 m kyr−1。礁珊瑚主要由innerPocilloporaassembly和outerAcroporaassembly组成。这两种组合都由厚壳的珊瑚藻组成。古水深测量表明沉积深度为0至10米。下伏更新世边缘礁形成于海洋同位素阶段5e的海平面高位，其特征还在于珊瑚、珊瑚藻壳和微生物岩的出现。一个先前调查的背风岸礁开始形成于同一时期（8.78千年前），但厚度更厚（达20米），在整个全新世期间仅被覆盖。识别出浅水Pocilopora组合和深水Montipora组合，但以碎屑相为主。在全新世礁基，仅发现玄武岩。全新世的迎风背风差异是东部岛屿一侧容纳空间较少的结果，最终导致了更复杂的珊瑚礁结构。由于较高的暴露率和冲刷率，迎风岛一侧的礁骨架更丰富，并经历了更强的胶结作用。在更新世，背风岛一侧的环境条件可能不利于边缘礁的生长。
Holocene fringing reef development around Bora Bora is controlled by variations in accommodation space (as a function of sea‐level and antecedent topography) and exposure to waves and currents. Subsidence ranged from 0 to 0·11 m kyr−1, and did not create significant accommodation space. A windward fringing reef started to grow 8·7 kyrbp, retrograded towards the coast over a Pleistocene fringing reef untilca6·0 kyrbp, and then prograded towards the lagoon after sea‐level had reached its present level. The retrograding portion of the reef is dominated by corals, calcareous algae and microbialite frameworks; the prograding portion is largely detrital. The reef is up to 13·5 m thick and accreted vertically with an average rate of 3·12 m kyr−1. Lateral growth amounts to 13·3 m kyr−1. Reef corals are dominated by an innerPocilloporaassemblage and an outerAcroporaassemblage. Both assemblages comprise thick crusts of coralline algae. Palaeobathymetry suggests deposition in 0 to 10 m depth. An underlying Pleistocene fringing reef formed during the sea‐level highstand of Marine Isotope Stage 5e, and is also characterized by the occurrence of corals, coralline algal crusts and microbialites. A previously investigated, leeward fringing reef started to form contemporaneously (8·78 kyrbp), but is thicker (up to 20 m) and solely prograded throughout the Holocene. A shallowPocilloporaassemblage and a deeper waterMontiporaassemblage were identified, but detrital facies dominate. At the Holocene reef base, only basalt was recovered. The Holocene windward–leeward differences are a consequence of less accommodation space on the eastern island side that eventually led to a more complex reef architecture. As a result of higher rates of exposure and flushing, the reef framework on the windward island side is more abundant and experienced stronger cementation. In the Pleistocene, the environmental conditions on the leeward island side were presumably unfavourable for fringing reef growth.
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