The neural basis of imitation is body part specific
The neural basis of imitation is body part specific
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0638-06.2006
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发表时间：
2006-06-07
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Karnath, Hans-Otto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldenberg, Georg;Karnath, Hans-Otto
模仿是人类行为的重要组成部分。我们用模仿来学习运动技能，促进对他人行为和精神状态的理解，以及作为对行为或人的交流参考。虽然一些非人类物种也表现出模仿行为，但它们都不能与人类模仿的多样性和完美性相提并论。然而，当我们考虑到成功模仿所必须完成的神经和认知转换时，人类模仿的多功能性和明显的易用性就不是不言而喻的了。模仿毫无意义的手势对我们的大脑提出了一个特别的挑战，因为模特的身体和自己的身体之间的相似性必须弥合感知和控制自己和他人身体的视角和方式之间的根本差异。我们分析了干扰无意义手势模仿的左半球病变的位置，发现了明确的身体部位特异性。手指姿势模仿障碍与包括额下回眶部在内的前部病变有关，而手部姿势模仿障碍与影响下顶叶小叶和颞顶枕交界处的后部病变有关。这些位置与已知的运动表征的体位图不一致。相反，他们主张在手势的感知和执行之间插入一个中间处理步骤，正如镜像神经元和身体部位编码假设所建议的那样。
Imitation is an important constituent of the behavioral repertoire of human beings. We use imitation for learning motor skills, for facilitating comprehension of other persons' actions and mental states, and as a communicative reference to actions or people. Although some non-human species display imitative behaviors, none of them equals the versatility and perfection of human imitation. The versatility and apparent ease of human imitation is, however, not at all self-evident when one considers the neural and cognitive transformations that must be accomplished for successful imitation. Imitation of meaningless gestures poses a particular challenge for our brain, because similarity between the body of the model and one's own body must bridge fundamental differences between the perspective and modalities of perceiving and controlling one's own and other bodies. We analyzed the locations of left-hemisphere lesions disturbing imitation of meaningless gestures and found a clear-cut body part specificity. Disturbed imitation of finger postures was associated with anterior lesions including the opercular portion of the inferior frontal gyrus, whereas disturbed imitation of hand postures was associated with posterior lesions affecting the inferior parietal lobule and temporo-parieto-occipital junction. These locations do not correspond with known somatotopic maps of motor representations. Rather, they argue for an intermediate step of processing interpolated between perception and execution of gestures as has been suggested by the mirror neuron and the body part coding hypotheses.