Evolving robot consciousness
Evolving robot consciousness
复制标题
不断进化的机器人意识
DOI：
10.1075/aicr.34.16har
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Harvey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Harvey
汽车制造商需要机器人在一个组织良好的环境中可靠地、无意识地重复一系列动作。对于许多其他目的，自主机器人需要在混乱的环境中表现出适当的行为，当面对他们从未面对过的环境时，自主机器人的设计与自主动物和人类的研究有着密切的关系，机器人为解释当前关于认知的神话提供了方便的木偶剧。不管你喜欢与否，任何自主机器人的设计方法都是以设计者的哲学立场为基础的。虽然哲学立场通常必须在辩论中生存，但在建造定位机器人的项目中，一个人的哲学立场会影响设计决策，然后在真实的世界中进行测试-“用螺丝刀做心灵哲学”。在本章中，我将首先遵循其他作者的观点，区分“意识”一词的各种用法。利用查尔默斯对“意识的简单问题”的描述（查尔默斯，1995），我将展示机器人学的进化方法是如何处理这些问题的。但是，这篇论文的主要焦点将是查尔默斯所说的“困难问题”--我认为这是一个容易的非问题。
Car manufacturers need robots that reliably and mindlessly repeat sequences of actions in a well-organised environment. For many other purposes autonomous robots are needed that will behave appropriately in a disorganised environment, that will react adaptively when faced with circumstances that they have never faced before.The design of autonomous robots has an intimate relationship with the study of autonomous animals and humans robots provide a convenient puppet show for illustrating current myths about cognition. Like it or not, any approach to the design of autonomous robots is underpinned by some philosophical position in the designer. Whereas a philosophical position normally has to survive in debate, in a project of building situated robots one’s philosophical position aVects design decisions and is then tested in the real world—“doing philosophy of mind with a screwdriver”. In this chapter I shall Wrst follow other authors in distinguishing various uses of the word ‘consciousness’. Using Chalmers’ characterisation of ‘the easy problems of consciousness’(Chalmers 1995) I shall show how the evolutionary approach to robotics handles them. But then the main focus of the paper will be what Chalmers calls ‘the hard problem’—which I will suggest is an easy non-problem.