How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others
How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others
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DOI：
10.1007/s40037-019-0509-2
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Varpio, Lara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neubauer, Brian E.;Witkop, Catherine T.;Varpio, Lara
简介 作为一种研究方法，现象学具有独特的地位，可以帮助健康专业教育 (HPE) 学者学习他人的经验。现象学是定性研究的一种形式，重点研究个人在世界上的生活经历。尽管这是一种强大的探究方法，但这种方法的本质常常让 HPE 研究人员感到害怕。本文旨在通过回顾现象学的两种主要方法（先验学和解释学）之间的关键哲学和方法论差异来解释现象学。了解支撑这些方法的本体论和认识论假设对于成功进行现象学研究至关重要。目的本综述介绍了现象学，并演示了如何将其应用于 HPE 研究。我们阐述了现象学的两个主要子类型，并详细说明了它们的本体论、认识论和方法论差异。 结论 现象学是一种强大的研究策略，非常适合探索 HPE 中的挑战性问题。通过更好地理解现象学的本质，并努力确保具体的研究问题与研究人员的基本哲学之间的正确结合，我们希望鼓励 HPE 学者在解决他们的研究问题时考虑其实用性。
Introduction As a research methodology, phenomenology is uniquely positioned to help health professions education (HPE) scholars learn from the experiences of others. Phenomenology is a form of qualitative research that focuses on the study of an individual's lived experiences within the world. Although it is a powerful approach for inquiry, the nature of this methodology is often intimidating to HPE researchers. This article aims to explain phenomenology by reviewing the key philosophical and methodological differences between two of the major approaches to phenomenology: transcendental and hermeneutic. Understanding the ontological and epistemological assumptions underpinning these approaches is essential for successfully conducting phenomenological research.Purpose This review provides an introduction to phenomenology and demonstrates how it can be applied to HPE research. We illustrate the two main sub-types of phenomenology and detail their ontological, epistemological, and methodological differences.Conclusions Phenomenology is a powerful research strategy that is well suited for exploring challenging problems in HPE. By building abetter understanding of the nature of phenomenology and working to ensure proper alignment between the specific research question and the researcher's underlying philosophy, we hope to encourage HPE scholars to consider its utility when addressing their research questions.