Comparison of pollution indices for the assessment of heavy metal in Brisbane River sediment
Comparison of pollution indices for the assessment of heavy metal in Brisbane River sediment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.008
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Ayoko, Godwin A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duodu, Godfred Odame;Goonetilleke, Ashantha;Ayoko, Godwin A.
河口环境复杂，接收多种来源的不同污染物，这些污染物具有持久性、生物累积性和毒性。对澳大利亚布里斯班河沉积物中重金属的分布、来源、污染及生态风险状况进行了调查。使用 LA-ICP-MS 分析沉积物样品的主量元素和微量元素。主成分分析和聚类分析确定了样品中金属的三个主要来源：海砂侵入、岩成岩和砂侵入混合以及与运输有关。为了克服单一指标的固有缺陷，采用污染因子、富集因子、地累积指数、修正污染度、污染指数和修正污染指数等一系列沉积物质量指标来确定沉积物质量。一般来说，沉积物被认为是“轻度”到“重度”污染。与澳大利亚沉积物质量准则的进一步比较表明，Ag、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn可能很少引起生物效应，而Hg可能经常引起生物效应。潜在生态风险指数（RI）的应用表明，沉积物具有中度至相当大的生态风险。然而，RI 无法解释复杂的沉积物行为，因为它使用简单的污染因子。因此，提出了采用富集因子的修正生态风险指数（MRI）。这提供了对整个沉积物行为的更可靠的了解，并将沉积物的生态风险分类为中度到极高。结果表明，需要进一步研究沉积物中的重金属形态和生物利用度，以确定毒性程度。 (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Estuarine environment is complex and receives different contaminants from numerous sources that are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic. The distribution, source, contamination and ecological risk status of heavy metals in sediment of Brisbane River, Australia were investigated. Sediment samples were analysed for major and minor elements using LA-ICP-MS. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis identified three main sources of metals in the samples: marine sand intrusion, mixed lithogenic and sand intrusion as well as transport related. To overcome inherent deficiencies in using a single index, a range of sediment quality indices, including contamination factor, enrichment factor, index of geo-accumulation, modified degree of contamination, pollution index and modified pollution index were utilised to ascertain the sediment quality. Generally, the sediment is deemed to be "slightly" to "heavily" polluted. A further comparison with the Australian Sediment Quality Guidelines indicated that Ag, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn had the potential to rarely cause biological effects while Hg could frequently cause biological effects. Application of potential ecological risk index (RI) revealed that the sediment poses moderate to considerable ecological risk. However, RI could not account for the complex sediment behaviour because it uses a simple contamination factor. Consequently, a modified ecological risk index (MRI) employing enrichment factor is proposed. This provides a more reliable understanding of whole sediment behaviour and classified the ecological risk of the sediment as moderate to very high. The results demonstrate the need for further investigation into heavy metal speciation and bioavailability in the sediment to ascertain the degree of toxicity. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.