Sex differences in stress-induced sleep deficits
Sex differences in stress-induced sleep deficits
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DOI：
10.1080/10253890.2021.1879788
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发表时间：
2021-01-29
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Grafe, Laura A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gargiulo, Andrew T.;Jasodanand, Varuna;Grafe, Laura A.
睡眠中断是几种压力相关疾病的病理生理学特征，包括重度抑郁症（MDD）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），这两种疾病对女性的影响都很大。尽管之前的研究试图调查女性的睡眠紊乱，但很少有研究探索和比较反复的压力如何影响人类或动物的两性睡眠。我们之前的研究表明，雄性大鼠对5天的重复约束表现出行为和神经内分泌习惯，而雌性则没有；观察雌性的适应需要额外的应激暴露天数。这项研究检查了成年雄性和雌性大鼠在反复约束压力之前、期间和之后的睡眠测量的性别差异。我们的数据显示，反复的压力增加了女性清醒的时间，减少了慢波睡眠（SWS）和快速眼动睡眠（REMS），这些影响持续了2天的恢复。相反，压力对雄性的影响是短暂的。这些类似失眠的症状伴随着女性从快速眼动睡眠中醒来时大量夸张的运动反应，这种表型类似于与创伤有关的噩梦。总而言之，这些数据表明，在雌性大鼠中，反复的压力会在压力终止后持续数天造成睡眠中断。5天的反复限制造成的睡眠中断可能是由于他们缺乏习惯。
Sleep disruptions are hallmarks in the pathophysiology of several stress-related disorders, including Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), both known to disproportionately affect female populations. Although previous studies have attempted to investigate disordered sleep in women, few studies have explored and compared how repeated stress affects sleep in both sexes in either human or animal models. We have previously shown that male rats exhibit behavioral and neuroendocrine habituation to 5 days of repeated restraint, whereas females do not; additional days of stress exposure are required to observe habituation in females. This study examined sex differences in sleep measures prior to, during, and after repeated restraint stress in adult male and female rats. Our data reveal that repeated stress increased time spent awake and decreased slow-wave sleep (SWS) and REM sleep (REMS) in females, and these effects persisted over 2 days of recovery. In contrast, the effects of stress on males were transient. These insomnia-like symptoms were accompanied by a greater number of exaggerated motor responses to waking from REMS in females, a phenotype similar to trauma-related nightmares. In sum, these data demonstrate that repeated stress produces disruptions in sleep that persist days after the stress is terminated in female rats. These disruptions in sleep produced by 5 days of repeated restraint may be due to their lack of habituation.