Neural Mechanisms for Drosophila Contrast Vision
Neural Mechanisms for Drosophila Contrast Vision
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2015.11.004
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Borst, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bahl, Armin;Serbe, Etienne;Borst, Alexander
空间对比度（相邻亮度值的差异）提供有关对象、纹理和运动的信息，并支持不同的视觉行为。因此，对比度计算是视觉处理的基本要素。然而，人们对潜在的机制知之甚少。在人类心理物理学中，对比错觉是探索这种计算的手段，但人类提供的实验途径有限。通过果蝇的行为实验，我们发现果蝇也容易产生对比错觉。使用遗传沉默技术，电生理学和建模，我们系统地剖析了机制和神经元相关的行为。我们的研究结果表明，空间对比度计算涉及侧抑制在同一途径，计算运动的亮度增量（ON途径）。然而，我们对视觉运动行为所需的下游运动敏感神经元进行了沉默，使运动盲果蝇具有完全完整的对比度反应。总之，空间对比度和运动线索首先计算重叠的神经元回路，随后进入并行的视觉处理流。
Spatial contrast, the difference in adjacent luminance values, provides information about objects, textures, and motion and supports diverse visual behaviors. Contrast computation is therefore an essential element of visual processing. The underlying mechanisms, however, are poorly understood. In human psychophysics, contrast illusions are means to explore such computations, but humans offer limited experimental access. Via behavioral experiments in Drosophila, we find that flies are also susceptible to contrast illusions. Using genetic silencing techniques, electrophysiology, and modeling, we systematically dissect the mechanisms and neuronal correlates underlying the behavior. Our results indicate that spatial contrast computation involves lateral inhibition within the same pathway that computes motion of luminance increments (ON pathway). Yet motion-blind flies, in which we silenced downstream motion-sensitive neurons needed for optomotor behavior, have fully intact contrast responses. In conclusion, spatial contrast and motion cues are first computed by overlapping neuronal circuits which subsequently feed into parallel visual processing streams.