Long-term ecological impacts of clear-fell logging on tree species diversity in a subtropical forest, southern Japan
Long-term ecological impacts of clear-fell logging on tree species diversity in a subtropical forest, southern Japan
复制标题
砍伐对日本南部亚热带森林树种多样性的长期生态影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10310-010-0191-z
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Enoki T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujii S.;Kubota Y.;Enoki T
确定伐木区采伐周期的空间安排和长度，对于调和木材产量与维持天然林生态系统服务之间的潜在冲突至关重要。在这项研究中，我们使用基于个体的模拟模型，研究了琉球群岛亚热带森林中砍伐对木材产量和树种多样性的长期影响。我们假设由森林类型和更新过程的组合定义的六个伐木情景，作为伐木的空间尺度的替代。这些情景是在20年至150年的切割周期下模拟的。短割周期导致萌发树种--红锥占主导地位。由于缺乏来自周围林区的种子传播，加快了成分的转变。模拟表明，维持产量和树种多样性的可持续采伐制度需要超过50年的采伐周期。模拟结果还表明，与孤立林或幼龄林相比，成熟林更有利于林木物种多样性恢复和木材生产之间的权衡。基于模型模拟的生态风险评估为当前依赖经验知识的森林管理做法提供了另一种选择。
Defining the spatial arrangement and length of the cutting cycle in a logged area is crucial for reconciling potential conflicts between timber yields and maintenance of ecosystem services in natural forests. In this study, we investigated long-term impacts of clear-fell logging on timber production and tree species diversity in a subtropical forest on the Ryukyu Islands, using an individual-based simulation model. We assumed six logging scenarios defined by combinations of forest type and regeneration processes, which acted as surrogates for spatial scales of clear-fell logging. These scenarios were simulated under cutting cycles ranging from 20 to 150 years. Short-cutting cycles resulted in dominance by the sprouting speciesCastanopsis sieboldii. The compositional shift was accelerated by the lack of seed dispersal from surrounding forest areas. The simulations demonstrated that a sustainable logging regime maintaining both yield and tree species diversity requires a cutting cycle longer than 50 years. The simulation results also suggest that the trade-off between the recovery of tree species diversity and timber production is favored more in stands surrounded by mature forest than in isolated stands or stands surrounded by immature forest. Ecological risk assessments based on model simulations provide an alternative to current forest management practices that rely on empirical knowledge.