Patterns of local extinction in an Amazonian archipelagic avifauna following 25 years of insularization
Patterns of local extinction in an Amazonian archipelagic avifauna following 25 years of insularization
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2016.03.016
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Peres, Carlos A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aurelio-Silva, Marco;Anciaes, Marina;Peres, Carlos A.
亚马逊流域低地的巨型水电站形成了大片的高地森林群岛，但很少有研究利用这些支离破碎的景观来研究栖息地岛屿化对脊椎动物种群的影响。我们调查了岛屿化对鸟类物种丰富度和组成的影响，在27个不同大小的岛屿形成的巴尔比纳水电站水库在巴西亚马逊河中部隔离后25年，这是比较大陆的三个网站在相邻的连续森林。岛屿的特点是补丁和景观指标，和当地鸟类进行了调查，在所有网站（包括172个采样点）四次使用点计数，两次使用回放。岛屿的大小是最强的预测物种丰富度和相似性，而其他指标表现出弱或没有效果。分布在6个觅食公会的61种森林鸟类的基础上，陆地杂食动物和食虫动物，小的下层食果动物和大型躯干食果动物/动物组成的公会最受影响的栖息地岛屿化。我们的研究结果表明，鸟类物种丰富度显着下降，特别是在小于55公顷的岛屿，这相当于90%的类似的巴尔比纳水库3500岛屿。我们的结论是，其他主要的水电站水库在整个低地亚马逊流域可能会遇到类似的高鸟类灭绝率，并建议这些蓄水池的环境许可证应重新评估或至少包括保护区补偿。(C)2016由Elsevier Ltd.出版
Mega-hydroelectric dams in lowland Amazonia create large archipelagos of upland forest, yet few studies have taken advantage of these fragmented landscapes to examine the effects of habitat insularization on vertebrate populations. We investigated the effects of insularization on bird species richness and composition at 27 variable-sized islands formed by the Balbina Hydroelectric Reservoir in the central Brazilian Amazon after 25 years of isolation, which were compared to three mainland sites in adjacent continuous forest. Islands were characterized by patch and landscape metrics, and the local avifauna was surveyed at all sites (including 172 sampling points) four times using point counts, and twice using playbacks. Island size was the strongest predictor of species richness and similarity, whereas other metrics showed weak or no effect. On the basis of 61 forest bird species distributed across six foraging guilds, terrestrial omnivores and insectivores, small understorey frugivores and large-bodied trunk frugivore/faunivore comprised the guilds most affected by habitat insularization. Our results demonstrate a striking decline in avifaunal species richness, particularly in islands smaller than 55 ha, which represent similar to 90% of the similar to 3500 islands in the Balbina reservoir. We conclude that other major hydropower reservoirs across the lowland Amazonian basin are likely to experience similarly high avian extinction rates and suggest that the environmental licencing of these impoundments should be reassessed or at least include protected area offsets. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.