THE USE OF EXTINCTION TO INVESTIGATE THE NATURE OF NEUROLEPTIC-INDUCED AVOIDANCE DEFICITS
THE USE OF EXTINCTION TO INVESTIGATE THE NATURE OF NEUROLEPTIC-INDUCED AVOIDANCE DEFICITS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00426515
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
FIBIGER, HC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BENINGER, RJ;MASON, ST;FIBIGER, HC
大鼠（18只）组（4组）接受了5次15次试验的单向回避训练。每次试验都通过10秒的音调刺激发出信号，然后随机67%的试验进行电击。在每个阶段之前，2组注射1.0 mg/kg的神经安定药匹莫齐特，另外2组接受载体注射。匹莫齐特组未能获得回避反应，尽管它们在出现休克时容易逃脱，而溶媒组获得了回避反应。随后进行了三次15次非药物试验。对于在匹莫齐特下训练的1个组和1个媒介物组，在67%的测试试验中电击继续跟随音调。其余2组进行了灭绝试验，即，冲击不再出现。在第一次非药物测试中，接受匹莫齐特训练的两组动物都逐渐获得了回避反应。在训练期间接受载体和在测试期间接受电击的组继续回避，而另一个载体组在整个测试期间显示回避反应的消失。在pimozide下训练的灭绝组中获得响应表明，尽管未能避免，但在训练期间学习了环境刺激与休克的关联。逐渐获得的反应表明，这组未能在训练过程中学习适当的运动反应。先前的观察与神经安定药治疗的动物的联想学习得到支持。显然，多巴胺在反应学习机制中起着重要作用。
Groups (4) of rats (18) received five 15-trial sessions of one-way avoidance training. Each trial was signaled by a 10-s tone stimulus and shock followed on a random 67% of the trials. Prior to each session 2 groups were injected with 1.0 mg/kg of the neuroleptic pimozide and the other 2 groups received vehicle injections. The pimozide groups failed to acquire the avoidance response although they escaped readily when shock was presented and the vehicle groups acquired the avoidance response. Three 15-trial nondrug test sessions followed. For 1 group that was trained under pimozide and 1 vehicle group, shock continued to follow the tone on 67% of the test trials. The remaining 2 groups were tested in extinction, i.e., shocks were no longer presented. Both groups that were trained under pimozide showed gradual acquisition of the avoidance response in the 1st nondrug test session. The group that received vehicle during training and shock during testing continued to avoid whereas the other vehicle group showed extinction of the avoidance response across test sessions. The acquisition of responding in the extinction group trained under pimozide indicated that the association of environmental stimuli with shock was learned during training in spite of the failure to avoid. The gradual acquisition of the response indicated that this group had failed to learn the appropriate motor response during training. Previous observations of associative learning in animals treated with neuroleptics were supported. Apparently dopamine plays a role in mechanisms of response learning.