Induced in vitro adaptation for salt tolerance in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivar Khalas
Induced in vitro adaptation for salt tolerance in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivar Khalas
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DOI：
10.1186/s40659-020-00305-3
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Mohmand, Akbar S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Al-Khateeb, Suliman A.;Al-Khateeb, Abdullatif A.;Mohmand, Akbar S.
背景土壤盐碱化对全球干旱半干旱地区的农业生产造成巨大的经济损失。受影响的植物在渗透调节、养分运输、离子毒性和光合作用降低方面面临干扰。传统的育种方法在抗击植物的各种逆境方面收效甚微。然而，非常规方法，如体外组织培养，在耐盐植物的发育过程中产生了遗传变异，特别是在木本植物中。结果枣树品种Khalas的胚性愈伤组织在8种继代培养中均经历了0~300 mm的不同盐度。从盐处理的培养物中获得的再生体用与处理愈伤组织相同的浓度的氯化钠进行再生和评估。所有盐适应(SA)再生剂的生长特性、生理性能、离子浓度和K+/Na(+)比都比盐非适应(SNA)再生剂和对照有所改善。叶片Na(+)浓度与净光合作用之间的回归分析表明，SNA再生植株的叶片Na(+)浓度与净光合作用之间呈负非线性相关。SA再生植株叶片K(+)含量与气孔导度呈较强的线性相关关系，而SNA再生植株叶片K(+)含量与气孔导度呈负相关，决定系数很低。用36个随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)引物对筛选出的SA再生植株进行了遗传保真度检测，其中26个产生了可评分的条带。扩增出1-10条谱带，平均每个扩增条带5.4条，SA再生植株与阴性对照无差异。结论这是首次报道由盐胁迫培养产生的变异体及其对盐度的潜在适应。哈拉斯。大量生产适应盐胁迫的棕榈枣可能更容易采用盐适应的方法。与未经处理的枣树相比，这类植物在盐胁迫下的表现更好。
Background Soil salinity causes huge economic losses to agriculture productivity in arid and semiarid areas worldwide. The affected plants face disturbances in osmotic adjustment, nutrient transport, ionic toxicity and reduced photosynthesis. Conventional breeding approaches produce little success in combating various stresses in plants. However, non-conventional approaches, such as in vitro tissue culturing, produce genetic variability in the development of salt-tolerant plants, particularly in woody trees. Results Embryogenic callus cultures of the date palm cultivar Khalas were subjected to various salt levels ranging from 0 to 300 mM in eight subcultures. The regenerants obtained from the salt-treated cultures were regenerated and evaluated using the same concentration of NaCl with which the calli were treated. All the salt-adapted (SA) regenerants showed improved growth characteristics, physiological performance, ion concentrations and K+/Na(+)ratios than the salt non-adapted (SNA) regenerants and the control. Regression between the leaf Na(+)concentration and net photosynthesis revealed an inverse nonlinear correlation in the SNA regenerants. Leaf K(+)contents and stomatal conductance showed a strong linear relationship in SA regenerants compared with the inverse linear correlation, and a very poor coefficient of determination in SNA regenerants. The genetic fidelity of the selected SA regenerants was also tested using 36 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, of which 26 produced scorable bands. The primers generated 1-10 bands, with an average of 5.4 bands per RAPD primer; there was no variation between SA regenerants and the negative control. Conclusion This is the first report of the variants generated from salt-stressed cultures and their potential adaptation to salinity in date palm cv. Khalas. The massive production of salt stress-adapted date palm plants may be much easier using the salt adaptation approach. Such plants can perform better during exposure to salt stress compared to the non-treated date palm plants.