Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Derived from Porcine Adipose Tissue as a Xenogeneic Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering
Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Derived from Porcine Adipose Tissue as a Xenogeneic Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering
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DOI：
10.1089/ten.tec.2012.0009
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Cho, Yong Woo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choi, Young Chan;Choi, Ji Suk;Cho, Yong Woo
组织中的细胞被细胞外基质（ECM）包围，ECM是由细胞合成和分泌的蛋白质和多糖的凝胶状材料。在这里，我们建议，ECM可以从猪脂肪组织中分离，并持有作为异种生物材料的组织工程和再生医学的巨大希望。猪脂肪组织很容易从通常丢弃的食物垃圾中大量获得。已经开发了脱细胞方案用于提取完整的ECM，同时有效地消除异种表位并最小限度地破坏ECM组合物。猪脂肪组织通过匀浆和离心脱脂。然后通过化学（1.5 M氯化钠和0.5%十二烷基硫酸钠）和酶处理（DNA酶和RNA酶）进行脱细胞，并控制温度。脱细胞后，免疫原性组分如核酸和α-Gal显著减少。然而，大量的ECM组分，如胶原蛋白（332.9 +/-12.1 μ g/mg ECM干重）、硫酸化糖胺聚糖（GAG，85 +/-0.7 μ g/mg ECM干重）和弹性蛋白（152.6 +/-4.5 μ g/mg ECM干重）在脱细胞材料中被很好地保留。脱细胞ECM的生物化学和机械特征支持体外人细胞的粘附和生长。此外，脱细胞ECM在体内表现出生物相容性、长期稳定性和生物诱导性。总体结果表明，来自猪脂肪组织的脱细胞ECM可以用作异种移植组织工程的替代生物材料。
Cells in tissues are surrounded by the extracellular matrix (ECM), a gel-like material of proteins and polysaccharides that are synthesized and secreted by cells. Here we propose that the ECM can be isolated from porcine adipose tissue and holds great promise as a xenogeneic biomaterial for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Porcine adipose tissue is easily obtained in large quantities from commonly discarded food waste. Decellularization protocols have been developed for extracting an intact ECM while effectively eliminating xenogeneic epitopes and minimally disrupting the ECM composition. Porcine adipose tissue was defatted by homogenization and centrifugation. It was then decellularized via chemical (1.5 M sodium chloride and 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate) and enzymatic treatments (DNase and RNase) with temperature control. After decellularization, immunogenic components such as nucleic acids and alpha-Gal were significantly reduced. However, abundant ECM components, such as collagen (332.9 +/- 12.1 mu g/mg ECM dry weight), sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG, 85 +/- 0.7 mu g/mg ECM dry weight), and elastin (152.6 +/- 4.5 mu g/mg ECM dry weight), were well preserved in the decellularized material. The biochemical and mechanical features of a decellularized ECM supported the adhesion and growth of human cells in vitro. Moreover, the decellularized ECM exhibited biocompatibility, long-term stability, and bioinductivity in vivo. The overall results suggest that the decellularized ECM derived from porcine adipose tissue could be useful as an alternative biomaterial for xenograft tissue engineering.