Economic value of ecosystem services from agriculture
Economic value of ecosystem services from agriculture
复制标题
农业生态系统服务的经济价值
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.2417383
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Huilan Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Swinton;M. C. Jolejole;Frank Lupi;Shan Ma;Wei Zhang;Huilan Chen
如果生态系统服务描述了人们从自然中获得的好处，那么这些服务肯定是有价值的。它们值多少钱？我们能用价值观来选择理想的耕作制度吗？价值意义上的“价值”概念可以用两种截然不同的方式来理解(Heal 2000)。内在价值是指内在价值。经济价值是指相对稀缺性。钻石-水悖论阐明了两者之间的区别(Heal 2000)。清洁水是人类生活的必需品，具有巨大的内在价值，但价格往往很低。钻石的内在价值可以忽略不计，但它们的价格却非常高。价格体现了基于供求的经济价值。生产者将提供的商品或服务的数量取决于生产成本和购买价格。消费者的需求量取决于他们喜欢它的程度和它的销售价格。估计非市场化生态系统服务价值的经济方法寻求捕捉这些潜在的市场关系。尽管来自农业生态系统的食物、纤维和生物能源产品往往是经济价值直接由市场价格衡量的唯一农业生态系统服务，但凯洛格生物站长期生态研究(KBS LTER)项目的研究开始对来自农业的非市场化生态系统服务的经济价值进行估计。在这一章中，我们首先介绍了非市场化服务的经济价值评估原则，然后给出了评估方法的类型，然后回顾了我们进行的四项与KBS LTER相关的评估非市场化生态系统服务价值的研究。首页--期刊主要分类--期刊细介绍--期刊题录与文摘--期刊详细文摘内容2015年。农业生态系统服务的经济价值。汉密尔顿，J·E·多尔和G·P·罗伯逊，编辑，第54-76页。农业景观生态学：可持续发展道路的长期研究。牛津大学出版社，纽约，美国纽约。
If ecosystem services describe the benefits that people get from nature, then those services must have value. What are they worth? Can we use values to choose desirable farming systems? The idea of “value” in the sense of worth can be understood in two very different ways (Heal 2000). Intrinsic value refers to inherent worth. Economic value refers to relative scarcity. The diamond–water paradox elucidates the difference between the two (Heal 2000). Clean water, which is essential for human life, has great intrinsic value, yet its price is often very low. Diamonds have negligible intrinsic value yet they fetch very high prices. Prices express economic values based on supply and demand. The amount of a good or service that producers will supply depends on the cost of producing it and the price offered for its purchase. The amount that consumers demand depends on how well they like it and its price of sale. Economic methods for estimating the values of nonmarketed ecosystem services seek to capture these underlying market relationships. Although the food, fiber, and bioenergy products from agroecosystems tend to be the only agricultural ecosystem services whose economic values are directly measured by market prices, research from the Kellogg Biological Station Long-Term Ecological Research (KBS LTER) project is beginning to provide estimates of the economic value of the nonmarketed ecosystem services from agriculture. In this chapter, we first introduce the principles for economic valuation of nonmarketed services, then offer a typology of valuation methods, and then review four KBS LTER–related studies we have conducted that estimate the value of nonmarketed ecosystem services. Swinton, S. M., C. B. Jolejole-Foreman, F. Lupi, S. Ma, W. Zhang, and H. Chen. 2015. Economic value of ecosystem services from agriculture. Pages 54-76 in S. K. Hamilton, J. E. Doll, and G. P. Robertson, editors. The Ecology of Agricultural Landscapes: Long-Term Research on the Path to Sustainability. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.