Ingested blood contributes to the specificity of the symbiosis of Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria and Hirudo medicinalis, the medicinal leech
Ingested blood contributes to the specificity of the symbiosis of Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria and Hirudo medicinalis, the medicinal leech
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.66.11.4735-4741.2000
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Graf, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Indergand, S;Graf, J
药用水蛭通常在其消化道中携带一种纯培养的维氏气单胞菌。这种特异性对于通常由复杂的微生物聚生体定殖的消化道是不寻常的。共生相互作用和微血管手术后的医学应用的重要问题是其他细菌是否可以在H.医学和什么因素有助于报告的特异性。利用定殖试验，我们能够在实验上比较临床分离株和共生菌株定殖H。medicine，共生菌A.韦罗尼湾Sobria菌株增殖良好，并在消化道内持续至少7天。相比之下，与体外对照中的生长相比，铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的增殖在动物体内受到抑制，表明摄入的血液在消化道内被修饰。然而，两种菌株都能够在消化道中持续至少7天。对于大肠杆菌菌株，活菌计数在42小时内下降约1，000倍。活E.通过干扰血液中存在的补体系统的膜攻击复合物的激活，可以防止大肠杆菌感染。这表明膜攻击复合物在H内保持活性。药物和防止敏感细菌的增殖。因此，摄入的脊椎动物血液的抗微生物特性有助于A. veronii H.医学共生，除了修改血液内的消化道H。医生
Hirudo medicinalis, the medicinal leech, usually carries in its digestive tract a pure culture of Aeromonas veronii by. sobria, Such specificity is unusual for digestive tracts that are normally colonized by a complex microbial consortium, Important questions for the symbiotic interaction and for the medical application after microvascular surgery are whether other bacteria can proliferate or at least persist in the digestive tract of H. medicinalis and what factors contribute to the reported specificity. Using a colonization assay, we were able to compare experimentally the ability of clinical isolates and of a symbiotic strain to colonize H. medicinalis, The symbiotic A. veronii by. sobria strain proliferated well and persisted for at least 7 days inside the digestive tract. In contrast, the proliferation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited inside the animal compared to growth in the in vitro control, indicating that the ingested blood was modified within the digestive tract. However, both strains were able to persist in the digestive tract for at least 7 days. For an Escherichia coli strain, the viable counts decreased approximately 1,000-fold within 42 h. The decrease of viable E. coli could be prevented by interfering with the activation of the membrane-attack complex of the complement system that is present in blood. This suggests that the membrane-attack complex remained active inside H. medicinalis and prevented the proliferation of sensitive bacteria. Thus, antimicrobial properties of the ingested vertebrate blood contribute to the specificity of the A. veronii-H. medicinalis symbiosis, in addition to modifications of the blood inside the digestive tract of H. medicinalis.