PREDICTORS AND CONSEQUENCES OF CHILDHOOD DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS - A 5-YEAR LONGITUDINAL-STUDY
PREDICTORS AND CONSEQUENCES OF CHILDHOOD DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS - A 5-YEAR LONGITUDINAL-STUDY
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.101.3.405
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发表时间：
1992-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
GIRGUS, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NOLENHOEKSEMA, S;SELIGMAN, MEP;GIRGUS, JS
一项为期5年的纵向研究探讨了儿童抑郁症状经历、消极生活事件、解释方式和无助行为在社会和成就情境中的相互关系。结果显示，童年早期的负面事件对抑郁症状有预测作用，但对解释风格没有预测作用；在童年后期，悲观的解释风格成为抑郁症状的重要预测因素，单独或与负面事件一起出现。当儿童遭受抑郁期时，他们的解释风格不仅恶化，而且即使在抑郁消退后仍然悲观，这可能会使他们面临未来抑郁发作的风险。有些儿童似乎在至少2年的时间里反复出现抑郁症状。抑郁儿童在社交和成就环境中始终表现出无助的行为。
A 5-year longitudinal study investigated the interrelationships among children's experiences of depressive symptoms, negative life events, explanatory style, and helplessness behaviors in social and achievement situations. The results revealed that early in childhood, negative events, but not explanatory style, predicted depressive symptoms; later in childhood, a pessimistic explanatory style emerged as a significant predictor of depressive symptoms, alone and in conjunction with negative events. When children suffered periods of depression, their explanatory styles not only deteriorated but remained pessimistic even after their depression subsided, presumably putting them at risk for future episodes of depression. Some children seem repeatedly prone to depressive symptoms over periods of at least 2 years. Depressed children consistently showed helpless behaviors in social and achievement settings.