Atmospheric concentrations and air-soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in remote, rural village and urban areas of Beijing-Tianjin region, North China.
Atmospheric concentrations and air-soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in remote, rural village and urban areas of Beijing-Tianjin region, North China.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.021
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Lu, Xiaoxia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Wentao;Simonich, Staci;Giri, Basant;Chang, Ying;Zhang, Yuguang;Jia, Yuling;Tao, Shu;Wang, Rong;Wang, Bin;Li, Wei;Cao, Jun;Lu, Xiaoxia
2007年至2008年，采用40个被动式空气采样器，研究了京津地区偏远地区、农村和城市、中国北部四季(春、夏、秋、冬)大气和颗粒物中多环芳烃的赋存状态。研究了排放对大气多环芳烃浓度空间分布格局的影响。此外，还利用逸度计算方法研究了多环芳烃的大气-土壤气体交换。气相和颗粒相PAH浓度的中位数分别为222 ng/m~3和114 ng/m~3，总PAH浓度的中位数为349 ng/m~3。多环芳烃浓度冬季高于其他季节。北部山区农村和城市站点的空气多环芳烃浓度在所有季节都显著低于南部平原站点的空气多环芳烃浓度。然而，北部和南部地区农村和城市之间的多环芳烃浓度没有显著差异。这种城乡分布格局与多环芳烃排放源的位置和人口分布有关。多环芳烃排放源的位置可以解释环境空气中多环芳烃浓度空间变化的56%-77%。多环芳烃从土壤到空气的年大气-土壤气体交换通量中位数为42.2 ng/m2/d。在测得的15种多环芳烃中，两种多环芳烃的交换通量占总交换通量的一半以上。此外，城市站点的多环芳烃的大气-土壤气体交换通量高于偏远和农村站点。在夏季，由于气温升高和降雨量增加，更多的气态多环芳烃从土壤挥发到空气中。然而，在冬季，由于更高的多环芳烃排放和更低的温度，更多的气态多环芳烃从空气中沉积到土壤中。土壤TOC浓度对多环芳烃的大气-土壤气体交换无显著影响。
Forty passive air samplers were deployed to study the occurrence of gas and particulate phase PAHs in remote, rural village and urban areas of Beijing–Tianjin region, North China for four seasons (spring, summer, fall and winter) from 2007 to 2008. The influence of emissions on the spatial distribution pattern of air PAH concentrations was addressed. In addition, the air–soil gas exchange of PAHs was studied using fugacity calculations. The median gaseous and particulate phase PAH concentrations were 222 ng/m3 and 114 ng/m3, respectively, with a median total PAH concentration of 349 ng/m3. Higher PAH concentrations were measured in winter than in other seasons. Air PAH concentrations measured at the rural villages and urban sites in the northern mountain region were significantly lower than those measured at sites in the southern plain during all seasons. However, there was no significant difference in PAH concentrations between the rural villages and urban sites in the northern and southern areas. This urban–rural PAH distribution pattern was related to the location of PAH emission sources and the population distribution. The location of PAH emission sources explained 56%–77% of the spatial variation in ambient air PAH concentrations. The annual median air–soil gas exchange flux of PAHs was 42.2 ng/m2/day from soil to air. Among the 15 PAHs measured, acenaphthylene (ACY) and acenaphthene (ACE) contributed to more than half of the total exchange flux. Furthermore, the air–soil gas exchange fluxes of PAHs at the urban sites were higher than those at the remote and rural sites. In summer, more gaseous PAHs volatilized from soil to air because of higher temperatures and increased rainfall. However, in winter, more gaseous PAHs deposited from air to soil due to higher PAH emissions and lower temperatures. The soil TOC concentration had no significant influence on the air–soil gas exchange of PAHs.
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