Late Holocene vegetation changes and human impact in the Changbai Mountains area, Northeast China
Late Holocene vegetation changes and human impact in the Changbai Mountains area, Northeast China
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2007.09.010
复制
发表时间：
2008-06
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
M. Makohonienko;H. Kitagawa;T. Fujiki;Xin Liu;Y. Yasuda;H. Yin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Makohonienko;H. Kitagawa;T. Fujiki;Xin Liu;Y. Yasuda;H. Yin
利用位于东北中国混交温带阔叶林带内的长白山金川样地的孢粉分析资料，重建了近6000年来的植被变化和人类居住活动的动态。在前满洲里中华文明区的外围生活了几年。目前的植被类型是以红松为特征树种的混交林为主的植被类型的开始，红松的扩展经历了两个阶段。松树以及其他海拔较高的针叶树种，如冷杉和云杉的第二阶段扩展可以追溯到公元70年左右。晚全新世针叶树成分(红松、云杉、冷杉)的扩散和落叶橡树的撤退模式与气候降温阶段和可能的有效降水量变化有关。在金川发现的花粉组合中发现的最古老的居住过程记录可以追溯到公元140年左右。荞麦(Fagopyrum Esculentum)栽培的记载始于公元9世纪上半叶。18世纪中国汉族人口的迁徙反映在化石档案中，这是由于定居者通过砍伐松树、保护核桃林和种植大麦/小麦谷物来开发森林资源的经济活动。
Pollen analytical data from Jinchuan site in the Changbai Mountains, located within the mixed temperate broadleaved forest zone of Northeast China, were used for the reconstruction of vegetation changes and dynamics of human habitation activities in the last 6000cal. years in the periphery to the Chinese civilization areas of former Manchuria. The beginning of the present type of vegetation dominated by mixed forests with the characteristic tree species Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zuccarini) was dated to 3100cal.BC. Expansion of Korean pine occurred in two steps. The second phase of enhanced expansion of pine along with other coniferous taxa of higher altitudes such as Abies and Picea was dated to around 70 AD. The pattern of Late Holocene spread of coniferous elements (P. koraiensis, Picea, Abies) and retreat of deciduous oaks was associated with phases of climatic cooling and presumably changes in effective precipitation. The oldest record of habitation processes identified in pollen assemblages from Jinchuan was dated to around 140 AD. The buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) cultivation was documented since the first half of the 9th century AD. The 18th century immigration of the Chinese population of Han ethnicity was reflected in the fossil archive, due to economic activities of the settlers connected with exploitation of forest resources through cutting of pine trees, protection of walnut stands, and cultivation of Hordeum/Triticum cereals.