Associative false recognition occurs without strategic criterion shifts
Associative false recognition occurs without strategic criterion shifts
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03196194
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
McDermott, KB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gallo, DA;Roediger, HL;McDermott, KB
在DRM（Deese/Roediger和McDermott）错误记忆范式中，受试者研究了与非呈现关键词相关的单词列表。他们在四个教学条件之一进行测试。在标准条件下，受试者没有被警告DRM效应。在另外三种情况下，他们被告知要避免错误识别关键词。一组在研究列表之前被警告（影响编码和检索过程），两组在研究之后被警告（只影响检索过程）。重复先前的工作，学习前的警告大大减少了错误识别。研究后的警告也减少了错误识别，但只有当关键项目从未被研究过时;当关键项目在一半的列表中被研究，以便受试者必须监控记忆中它们的存在或不存在时，研究后的警告对错误识别几乎没有影响。因为被警告的受试者试图避免错误识别，所以在后一种情况下的高水平错误识别不可能是由于策略性地猜测研究了关键的测试项目。DRM范式中的错误记忆并不是由这种自由的标准转变引起的。
In the DRM (Deese/Roediger and McDermott) false memory paradigm, subjects studied lists of words associated with nonpresented critical words. They were tested in one of four instructional conditions. In a standard condition, subjects were not warned about the DRM Effect. In three other conditions, they were told to avoid false recognition of critical words. One group was warned before study of the lists (affecting encoding and retrieval processes), and two groups were warned after study (affecting only retrieval processes). Replicating prior work, the warning before study considerably reduced false recognition. The warning after study also reduced false recognition, but only when critical items had never been studied; when critical items were studied in half the lists so that subjects had to monitor memory for their presence or absence, the warning after study had little effect on false recognition. Because warned subjects were trying to avoid false recognition, the high levels of false recognition in the latter condition cannot be due to strategically guessing that critical test items were studied. False memories in the DRM paradigm are not caused by such liberal criterion shifts.