Effects of Varying Color, Imagery, and Text of Cigarette Package Warning Labels among Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Middle School Youth and Adult Smokers.
Effects of Varying Color, Imagery, and Text of Cigarette Package Warning Labels among Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Middle School Youth and Adult Smokers.
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DOI：
10.1080/10410236.2017.1407228
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发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Niederdeppe J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byrne S;Greiner Safi A;Kemp D;Skurka C;Davydova J;Scolere L;Mathios AD;Avery RJ;Dorf MC;Steinhardt J;Niederdeppe J
2009年的《美国家庭吸烟预防和烟草控制法案》(烟草控制法案)为美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)提出了九种不同的图形警告标签(GWL)铺平了道路，这些GWL旨在突出地放置在香烟包装的正面和背面以及香烟广告上。这些GWL被裁定为违宪，理由是它们不必要地侵犯了烟草公司的言论自由，而没有充分促进政府的公共健康利益。这篇文章测试了不太广泛的原始全色GWL的替代方案，包括黑白GWL和纯文本选项，在视觉注意力、负面影响和健康风险信念方面是否具有相似或不同的影响。我们使用移动媒体研究实验室对居住在社会经济弱势社区的两个人群进行了随机实验：生化确认的成年吸烟者(N=313)和中学生(N=340)。结果表明，在青少年和成年吸烟者中，全色GWL比黑白GWL吸引注意力的时间更长。在成年人中，带有GWL(无论是彩色还是黑白)的包装比那些只有文本标签的包装产生更多的负面影响，而只有文本的包装比只有品牌形象的包装产生更大的负面影响。在年轻人中，GWL和纯文本标签产生的负面影响程度相当，尽管比品牌形象更严重。因此，我们提供了与以下说法相关的混合结果：范围较小的替代方案可以满足政府降低吸烟率的迫切公共健康利益。
The US Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act) of 2009 paved the way for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to propose nine different graphic warning labels (GWLs) intended for prominent placement on the front and back of cigarette packs and on cigarette advertisements. Those GWLs were adjudicated as unconstitutional on the ground that they unnecessarily infringed tobacco companies’ free speech without sufficiently advancing the government’s public health interests. This paper tests whether less extensive alternatives to the original full-color GWLs, including black-and-white GWLs and text-only options, have similar or divergent effects on visual attention, negative affect, and health risk beliefs. We used a mobile media research lab to conduct a randomized experiment with two populations residing in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities: biochemically confirmed adult smokers (N=313) and middle school youth (N=340). Results indicate that full-color GWLs capture attention for longer than black-and-white GWLs among both youth and adult smokers. Among adults, packages with GWLs (in either color or black-and-white) engendered more negative affect than those with text-only labels, while text-only produced greater negative affect than the packages with brand imagery only. Among youth, GWLs and text-only labels produced comparable levels of negative affect, albeit more so than brand imagery. We thus offer mixed findings related to the claim that a less extensive alternative could satisfy the government’s compelling public health interest to reduce cigarette smoking rates.
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影响因子：
0.8
作者：
Peterson, Emily Bylund;Thomsen, Steven;John, Kevin
通讯作者：
John, Kevin
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Hyland, Andrew;Ambrose, Bridget K.;Compton, Wilson M.
通讯作者：
Compton, Wilson M.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Evans, Abigail T.;Peters, Ellen;Romer, Daniel
通讯作者：
Romer, Daniel
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Galvan, Adriana
影响因子：
39
作者：
Brewer NT;Hall MG;Noar SM;Parada H;Stein-Seroussi A;Bach LE;Hanley S;Ribisl KM
通讯作者：
Ribisl KM