Pentraxins and Fc receptors.
Pentraxins and Fc receptors.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-065x.2012.01162.x
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发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Sun PD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu J;Marjon KD;Mold C;Du Clos TW;Sun PD
五聚蛋白是先天性模式识别分子，其主要功能是在感染和炎症期间结合微生物病原体或细胞碎片，并且通过这样做，有助于通过补体激活清除坏死细胞以及病原体。Fc受体是抗体功能的细胞介质。虽然在概念上是分开的，但正五聚素和抗体都是控制急性和慢性炎症和感染的重要因素。近年来，越来越多的实验证据表明先天性正五聚素与体液Fc受体之间存在直接联系。具体而言，人和小鼠正五聚素都识别溶液中和细胞表面上的Fc受体的主要形式，其亲和力与结合其低亲和力Fc受体的抗体相似。与免疫复合物一样，病原体的五聚蛋白聚集和调理作用导致Fc受体和巨噬细胞活化。最近发表的人血清淀粉样蛋白P（SAP）与FcγRIIA复合物的晶体结构进一步说明了与抗体识别的相似性。这些最近的发现暗示了五聚素在免疫中比补体激活更广泛的作用。本文综述了连接先天正五聚素和适应性Fc受体功能的结构和功能研究。在许多方面，正五聚素可以被视为先天抗体。
Pentraxins are innate pattern recognition molecules whose major function is to bind microbial pathogens or cellular debris during infection and inflammation and, by doing so, contribute to the clearance of necrotic cells as well as pathogens through complement activations. Fc receptors are the cellular mediators of antibody functions. While conceptually separated, both pentraxins and antibodies are important factors in controlling acute and chronic inflammations and infections. In recent years, increasing experimental evidence suggests a direct link between the innate pentraxins and humoral Fc receptors. Specifically, both human and mouse pentraxins recognize major forms of Fc receptors in solution and on cell surfaces with affinities similar to antibodies binding to their low affinity Fc receptors. Like immune complex, pentraxin aggregation and opsonization of pathogen result in Fc receptor and macrophage activation. The recently published crystal structure of a human serum amyloid P (SAP) in complex with FcγRIIA further illustrated similarities to antibody recognition. These recent findings implicate a much broader role than complement activation for pentraxins in immunity. This review summarizes the structural and functional work that bridge the innate pentraxins and the adaptive Fc receptor functions. In many ways, pentraxins can be regarded as innate antibodies.