Evidence for the involvement of pathogenic bacteria in summer mortalities of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Evidence for the involvement of pathogenic bacteria in summer mortalities of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-006-9061-9
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Nicolas, J. -L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garnier, M.;Labreuche, Y.;Nicolas, J. -L.
对夏季牡蛎死亡中细菌的作用进行了研究。在法国海岸和饲养设施的死亡事件期间，通常当温度达到19摄氏度或更高时，牡蛎处于性腺成熟阶段，对垂死和显然健康的牡蛎进行了取样。血淋巴样本无菌提取并提交细菌学分析。在健康的牡蛎中，细菌以低浓度定植在她的淋巴上，这取决于位置。在大多数垂死的牡蛎中，细菌存在于血淋巴和其他组织中。这些细菌种群在产自公海的牡蛎中往往比产自动物通常被单一细菌感染的设施的牡蛎更多样化。根据GyrB基因的RFLP和16S rRNA基因的部分序列等表型和基因型特征，仅鉴定出优势菌落。它们属于有限的种类，包括aestuaranus弧菌、V. spldidius组成员、V. natrigens、V.副溶血性弧菌和Pseudoalteromonas sp.。最常遇到的种是V. aestuarlanus(56%)，它由几个菌株组成，它们的16S rRNA基因密切相关，但它们的表型特征不同。它们似乎与牡蛎有着密切的联系。脾弧菌群内的种分布较少（占分离株的25%），在分类上较为分散。在牡蛎中注射aestuarianus V.和spldidius V.组的多数优势菌株导致死亡，而属于同一物种的其他菌株，特别是混合物中发现的菌株似乎无害。
A study was conducted to investigate the involvement of bacteria in oyster mortalities during summer. Moribund and apparently healthy oysters were sampled during mortality events along the French coast and in rearing facilities, usually when temperature reached 19 degrees C or higher, and oysters were in the gonadal maturation phase. Hemolymph samples were aseptically withdrawn and submitted to bacteriological analysis. In healthy oysters, bacteria colonized hernolymph at low concentrations depending on the location. In most moribund oysters, bacteria were present in hemolymph and other tissues. These bacterial populations were more often diverse in oysters originating from the open sea than from facilities where animals were generally infected by a single type of bacterium. Only the dominant colonies were identified by phenotypic and genotypic characters (RFLP of GyrB gene and partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene). They belonged to a limited number of species including Vibrio aestuarianus, members of the V. splendidus group, V. natriegens, V. parahaemolyticus, and Pseudoalteromonas sp. The most frequently encountered species was V. aestuarlanus (56% of isolates), which was composed of several strains closely related by their 16S rRNA gene but diverse by their phenotypic characters. They appeared intimately linked to oysters. The species within the V. splendidus group were less prevalent (25% of isolates) and more taxonomically dispersed. A majority of the dominant strains of V. aestuarianus and V. splendidus group injected to oysters induced mortality, whereas others belonging to the same species, particularly those found in mixture, appeared innocuous.