THE CONCEPT OF GEOGRAPHY AS A SCIENCE OF SPACE, FROM KANT AND HUMBOLDT TO HETTNER
THE CONCEPT OF GEOGRAPHY AS A SCIENCE OF SPACE, FROM KANT AND HUMBOLDT TO HETTNER
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8306.1958.tb01562.x
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发表时间：
1958-06
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Hartshorne
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文献类型：
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作者：
R. Hartshorne
近N年来，许多地理学家在论述其学科的性质和范围时，都用一个据说源于伊曼努尔·康德和亚历山大·冯·洪堡的概念来描述他们的领域与其他科学领域的关系。无论这一概念的最初来源是什么，它在当今地理学思想中的重要性都源于德国地理学方法论大师阿尔弗雷德·海特纳的著作。我们不关心这个概念的有效性，这当然是在任何方式都不依赖于谁发起或支持它。l作为一个地理思想史的研究，本文关注的是可能的起源，或起源，概念及其意义的地理学在过去的世纪和半。Hettner对这一概念的第一次简短陈述出现在他最早的方法论中。Schaeffer，“Exceptionalism in Geography，”Annals，Association of American Geographers，Vol. 43（1953），pp. 232-35.关于这一论点所依据的错误和歪曲的详细和有据可查的证明，见理查德·哈茨霍恩，“重新审视地理学中的例外论”，《年鉴》，美国地理学家协会，第45卷（1955年），第110页。218-24.虽然Schaeffer的挑战是导致本论文的刺激因素，但这不是“两篇论文的序言”中提到的研究，同上，pp. 205-6.第二篇论文考虑了海特纳概念的有效性，以及有关地理方法论的各种其他问题，很快将作为美国地理学家协会与兰德合作出版的新系列专题著作出版，麦克纳利和公司。
UMEROUS geographers writing in recent N years concerning the nature and scope of their subject have described the relation of their field to other fields of science in terms of a concept said to stem from Immanuel Kant and from Alexander von Humboldt. Whatever may be the original source of the concept, its importance in current geographic thought stems from the writings of Alfred Hettner, the German master of the methodology of geography. We are not concerned here with the validity of the concept, which is of course in no way dependent on who originated or supported it. l As a study in the history of geographic thought, this paper is concerned with the possible origin, or origins, of the concept and its significance to geography during the past century and a half. Hettner’s first brief statement of the concept appears in his earliest methodologicalAn attempt was made to undermine the validity of the concept by challenging the legitimacy of its presumed origins, in Fred K. Schaeffer,“Exceptionalism in Geography,” Annals, Association of American Geographers, Vol. 43 (1953), pp. 232-35. For detailed and documented demonstration of the errors and distortions on which that thesis is based, see Richard Hartshorne,“‘Exceptionalism in Geography’Re-Examined,” Annals, Association of American Geographers, Vol. 45 (1955), pp. 218-24. While Schaeffer’s challenge was the stimulus which led to the present paper, this is not the study referred to in the statement “Preface to Two Papers,” Ibid., pp. 205-6. That second paper, which considers the validity of Hettner’s concept, together with various other questions concerning the methodology of geography, is to be published shortly as a monograph in the new series to be published by the Association of American Geographers in cooperation with Rand, McNally and Co.